党坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，发展社会主义民主政治，建设社会主义政治文明，积极稳妥推进政治体制改革，坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合，制定新宪法，建设社会主义法治国家，形成中国特色社会主义法律体系，尊重和保障人权，巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线。

Upholding the unity between the Party’s leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance, the Party worked to develop socialist democracy and promote socialist political progress and advanced reform of the political system in a proactive and prudent manner. With a commitment to integrating the rule of law with the rule of virtue, a new Constitution of the People’s Republic of China was formulated, China built itself into a socialist country under the rule of law, and a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics took shape. The Party made earnest efforts to respect and protect human rights and consolidated and developed the broadest possible patriotic united front.

明确中国特色社会主义事业总体布局是经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设五位一体，战略布局是全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党四个全面；

—The integrated plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics covers five spheres, namely economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement, and that the comprehensive strategy in this regard includes four prongs, namely building a modern socialist country, deepening reform, advancing law-based governance, and strengthening Party self-governance.

明确全面推进依法治国总目标是建设中国特色社会主义法治体系、建设社会主义法治国家；

—The overall goal of comprehensively advancing law-based governance is to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and to build a socialist rule of law country.

必须坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，积极发展全过程人民民主，健全全面、广泛、有机衔接的人民当家作主制度体系，构建多样、畅通、有序的民主渠道，丰富民主形式，从各层次各领域扩大人民有序政治参与，使各方面制度和国家治理更好体现人民意志、保障人民权益、激发人民创造。必须警惕和防范西方所谓“宪政”、多党轮流执政、“三权鼎立”等政治思潮的侵蚀影响。

We must uphold the unity between the Party’s leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance. Efforts must be made to actively develop whole-process people’s democracy, and advance comprehensive, extensive, and coordinated development of the systems and institutions through which the people run the country. We must establish diverse, unimpeded, and well-organized democratic channels, diversify forms of democracy, and expand the people’s orderly political participation at all levels and in various fields, so as to ensure that China’s governance and institutions in all sectors give full expression to the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, and spark their creativity. We must remain on guard against the erosive influence of Western trends of political thought, including the so-called constitutionalism, alternation of power between political parties, and separation of powers.

按照坚持党的全面领导、坚持以人民为中心、坚持优化协同高效、坚持全面依法治国的原则，全面深化党和国家机构改革，党和国家机构职能实现系统性、整体性重构。

We have further reformed Party and government institutions to achieve thorough and systematic restructuring of their functions. In this process, we have followed the principles of upholding the Party’s overall leadership, committing to a people-centered approach, promoting greater optimization, coordination, and efficiency, and ensuring law-based governance in all dimensions.

（六）在全面依法治国上

6. Comprehensively advancing law-based governance

改革开放以后，党坚持依法治国，不断推进社会主义法治建设。同时，有法不依、执法不严、司法不公、违法不究等问题严重存在，司法腐败时有发生，一些执法司法人员徇私枉法，甚至充当犯罪分子的保护伞，严重损害法治权威，严重影响社会公平正义。

Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has upheld law-based governance and kept advancing socialist rule of law. However, we have also faced serious problems such as laws being ignored or not being strictly enforced, lack of judicial impartiality, and violations of the law going unpunished, while judicial corruption occurring from time to time. Some judicial and law-enforcement personnel have bent the law for personal gain, or even provided shelter for criminals. These phenomena have seriously undermined the authority of the law, and had a negative impact on social fairness and justice.

党中央强调，法治兴则国家兴，法治衰则国家乱；全面依法治国是中国特色社会主义的本质要求和重要保障，是国家治理的一场深刻革命；坚持依法治国首先要坚持依宪治国，坚持依法执政首先要坚持依宪执政。必须坚持中国特色社会主义法治道路，贯彻中国特色社会主义法治理论，坚持依法治国、依法执政、依法行政共同推进，坚持法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，全面增强全社会尊法学法守法用法意识和能力。

The Central Committee has stressed that when the rule of law prevails, the country will prosper, but should it weaken, the country will descend into chaos. Comprehensively advancing law-based governance is an essential requirement and important guarantee for socialism with Chinese characteristics; it is also a profound revolution in China’s governance. Law-based governance and law-based exercise of state power begin with compliance with the Constitution. We must remain committed to the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics; implement Chinese socialist rule of law theory; pursue coordinated progress in law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based government administration; promote integrated development of the country, the government, and society based on the rule of law; and comprehensively enhance people’s awareness of the need to respect, study, and abide by the law and their ability to apply the law.

党的十八届四中全会和中央全面依法治国工作会议专题研究全面依法治国问题，就科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法作出顶层设计和重大部署，统筹推进法律规范体系、法治实施体系、法治监督体系、法治保障体系和党内法规体系建设。

At the fourth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee and the central conference on the rule of law, dedicated efforts were made to analyze the issue of advancing law-based governance in all respects. Top-level designs and major plans were put forward on ensuring sound legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and observance of law by all. Coordinated progress was made in advancing the development of the system of laws and regulations, the system for enforcing the rule of law, the system for overseeing the rule of law, the system for guaranteeing the rule of law, and the system of Party rules and regulations.

党强调，全面依法治国最广泛、最深厚的基础是人民，必须把体现人民利益、反映人民愿望、维护人民权益、增进人民福祉落实到全面依法治国各领域全过程，保障和促进社会公平正义，努力让人民群众在每一项法律制度、每一个执法决定、每一宗司法案件中都感受到公平正义。

The Party has emphasized that since the people make up the broadest and deepest foundation for comprehensively advancing law-based governance, we must ensure that their interests and wishes are reflected, their rights are protected, and their wellbeing is enhanced in every aspect throughout the entire process of law-based governance. We must protect and promote social fairness and justice, and work to ensure that the people feel fairness and justice prevails in every law, every law enforcement decision, and every judicial case.

坚持系统观念，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局，协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，立足新发展阶段、贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局、推动高质量发展，全面深化改革开放，促进共同富裕，推进科技自立自强，发展全过程人民民主，保证人民当家作主，坚持全面依法治国，坚持社会主义核心价值体系，坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，坚持人与自然和谐共生，统筹发展和安全，加快国防和军队现代化，协同推进人民富裕、国家强盛、中国美丽。

We should continue to apply systems thinking and ensure coordinated implementation of the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy. We need to ground our work in this new stage of development, apply the new development philosophy, foster a new pattern of development, and promote high-quality development. We should deepen reform and opening up across the board, promote common prosperity for all, and build up our country’s strength in science and technology. We should develop whole-process people’s democracy and ensure it is the people who run the country. We should continue to advance law-based governance in all respects, uphold the core socialist values, ensure and enhance people’s wellbeing in the course of development, and promote harmony between humanity and nature. We need to balance development and security imperatives, move faster to modernize national defense and the armed forces, and take well-coordinated steps toward making our people prosperous, our nation strong, and our country beautiful.

汪文斌：我刚才已经介绍了相关的立场。中国是法治国家。我们全面推进依法治国的同时，将继续坚定不移推动高水平对外开放。

Wang Wenbin: I shared China’s position just now. China is a country under the rule of law. As we advance law-based governance on all fronts, we will continue to promote high-level opening up.

毛宁：任何国家都有权通过国内立法维护国家安全，事实上这也是各国通行做法。中国全面推进依法治国，将一如既往地坚持法治原则，依法规范执法，依法保护个人和组织的合法权益。你将反间谍法同外国记者采访活动相关联是没有必要的。中方一贯欢迎各国媒体和记者依法依规在华从事采访报道工作，并为他们提供便利和协助。只要是依法依规，合法合规，就没有什么可担心的。

Mao Ning: Every country has the right to safeguard national security through domestic legislation, which is a universal practice. China is advancing law-based governance on all fronts and will continue to uphold the rule of law, conduct law enforcement and protect lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations in accordance with the law. There is no need to associate the counterespionage law with reporting activities of foreign journalists. China always welcomes media outlets and journalists of all countries to conduct interviews and run stories in China in accordance with laws and regulations and we will provide facilitation and assistance to them. As long as one abides by laws and regulations, there is no need to worry.

他领导我们发展社会主义民主政治，实施依法治国基本方略，发展社会主义先进文化，实现香港、澳门顺利回归，推动两岸双方达成体现一个中国原则的“九二共识”，有力开展反分裂、反“台独”重大斗争。

He led us in developing socialist democracy, implementing the basic strategy of law-based governance, developing advanced socialist culture, realizing the smooth return of Hong Kong and Macao, pushing for the two sides of the Taiwan Strait to reach the 1992 Consensus, which embodies the one-China principle, and vigorously carrying out the major struggles against secession and "Taiwan independence".