积极安全有序发展核电。核电是优质高效的清洁能源。中国始终将核安全作为核电发展的生命线，坚持采用最先进的技术、最严格的标准发展核电，在运核电机组长期保持安全稳定运行。沿海核电项目建设有序推进，代表“中国名片”的自主三代核电技术“华龙一号”首批机组陆续投运，“国和一号”示范工程正在建设，全球首座第四代核电技术商业电站高温气冷堆示范工程建成投运。核能清洁供暖、供热等综合利用取得突破，核能应用领域进一步拓展。截至2023年底，在运核电装机容量5691万千瓦，是2013年底的3.9倍；在运在建总装机容量10033万千瓦。

Pursuing robust, safe and orderly development of nuclear power. Nuclear power is an efficient and high-quality clean energy source. China maintains that nuclear safety is essential for the development of nuclear power. The country has adopted the most advanced technologies and strictest standards to ensure that the nuclear power units in operation remain safe and stable over a long period of time. A number of coastal nuclear power projects are now in progress: The first units of the domestically developed third-generation nuclear reactor, Hualong One, have already entered operation; the Guohe One demonstration project, another independently designed third-generation nuclear reactor, is currently under construction; and the world’s first fourth-generation nuclear power plant with a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor has also officially entered commercial operation. Breakthroughs have been made in the comprehensive use of nuclear energy for clean heating and heat supply, which has expanded the scope of nuclear energy utilization. By the end of 2023, the total installed capacity of nuclear power plants in operation across China stood at 56,910 MW, 3.9 times the figure at the end of 2013. The total installed capacity of nuclear power plants under construction and in operation in China had totaled 100.33 GW by the end of 2023.

（二）促进传统能源和新能源协同发展

2. Coordinating the Development of Traditional Energy and New Energy 

推动煤炭清洁高效开发利用。建立煤矿绿色发展长效机制，建设安全智能绿色现代化煤矿，实施矿区综合治理和生态环境修复，生态环境质量持续提升。十年来，全国原煤入洗率、矿井水综合利用率、土地复垦率均提高10个百分点以上。加强煤矿瓦斯综合治理和安全利用，瓦斯抽采利用对安全生产、资源利用、生态环保的综合效益不断显现。十年来，累计淘汰煤电落后产能超过1亿千瓦。积极推进煤电机组节能降碳改造、灵活性改造、供热改造“三改联动”，截至2023年底，95%以上煤电机组实现了超低排放，50%以上煤电机组具备深度调峰能力，电力行业污染物排放量减少超过90%。

Promoting clean and efficient exploration and utilization of coal. China has established a long-term mechanism for green coal mining and built modern coal mines that are safe, intelligent and eco-friendly. It has implemented comprehensive management and ecological restoration of mining areas, resulting in continuous improvement to the eco-environment in these areas. Over the past decade, the national raw coal washing rate, the comprehensive utilization rate of mine water, and the land reclamation rate have all increased by more than 10 percentage points. The country has strengthened comprehensive management and safe utilization of coal mine gas, and the benefits of gas extraction on safe production, resource utilization, and environmental protection are increasingly visible. Over the past decade, outdated coal-fired power facilities, with a combined capacity of more than 100 GW, have been decommissioned across the country. Coordinated measures have been taken to realize energy-saving and carbon-reducing transformation of remaining coal-fired power units, increase their flexible load regulation capabilities, and upgrade their heat supply capacity. By the end of 2023, more than 95 percent of coal-fired power units had achieved ultra-low emissions, and more than 50 percent had deep peak-shaving capabilities, reducing the discharge of pollutants in the power industry by more than 90 percent.

推动传统能源和新能源协同发展。推动传统能源产业向综合能源系统转型，在资源富集地稳步实施风光水（储）一体化、风光火（储）一体化建设。在煤矿工业场地、采煤沉陷区、电厂闲置空地、油气矿区等区域建设新能源发电项目，通过开发海上风电为油气平台提供绿色电力，为传统能源生产开发、加工转换提供清洁用能。探索氢能管道输送，在传统加油站、加气站建设油气电氢一体化综合交通能源服务站。

Coordinating the development of traditional and new energy. China has been transforming traditional energy industries into integrated energy systems. It has taken steps to implement wind-solar-hydro (plus storage) and wind-solar-coal (plus storage) hybrid systems in resource-rich areas. New energy power generation projects have been built in places such as coal mine industrial sites, coal mining subsidence areas, idle spaces at power plants, and oil and gas mining areas. By developing offshore wind farms to provide green power for oil and gas platforms, clean energy is supplied for the production, development, processing and conversion of traditional energy. The country is also working on hydrogen transportation by pipeline, and building integrated energy service stations supplying oil, gas, electricity and hydrogen on the basis of traditional oil and gas fueling stations.

随着新能源大规模发展和电力负荷特性变化，能源电力系统运行面临更多不确定性，亟须增强系统灵活调节能力，不断提升能源系统安全运行和抵御风险能力。

With the large-scale development of new energy and changes in power load characteristics, China’s energy and power system is facing more operational uncertainties. Therefore, it is important that the country should increase the regulation ability of the system, keep improving its capacity for safe operation and strengthening its resistance to risk.