翻译数据库中英对照：《中国的能源转型》白皮书 [7]
China's Energy Transition [7]
促进可再生能源消费。实施可再生能源电力消纳责任权重制度，对各省（自治区、直辖市）行政区域设定年度可再生能源电力消纳责任目标，并监测评价其完成情况。建立可再生能源绿色电力证书制度，将绿色电力证书作为用能单位消费绿色电力的唯一凭证和环境属性的唯一证明。将绿电消费作为评价、认证和标识绿色产品的重要依据和内容，鼓励全社会优先使用绿色能源和采购绿色产品服务，鼓励具备条件的企业形成低碳零碳的能源消费模式。2022年北京冬奥会、2023年杭州亚运会均实现100%使用绿色电力。
Encouraging the consumption of renewable energy. China has adopted a system of setting annual renewable electricity consumption targets for provincial-level administrative units, and monitoring and evaluating their performance. In addition, it has established a green electricity certification system for the consumption of renewable electricity, and uses the green electricity certificates as sole proof of an entity’s green electricity consumption and environmental-friendliness. It uses the consumption of green electricity as an important basis for assessing, certifying, and labeling green products. In this way, the government encourages the entire society to prioritize the use of green energy and purchase of green products and services. It also encourages competent enterprises to form low-carbon or even zero-carbon models of energy consumption. Both the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games and the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023 utilized 100 percent green electricity.
促进终端用能电气化低碳化。工业领域以生产加热、烘干、蒸汽供应等环节为重点，实施高温热泵、电加热等电能替代，推动化工、冶金领域可再生能源制氢示范应用。
Advancing the electrification and low-carbon transition of final energy consumption. In the industrial sector, there has been a shift from traditional fuels to electricity for processes such as heating, drying, and steam supply. This has been achieved through the use of high-temperature heat pumps, electric heating, and other technologies. Additionally, efforts have been made to promote the demonstration and application of renewable hydrogen production in the chemical and metallurgical industries.
建筑领域广泛使用太阳能热水器、电炊事等，积极推进北方地区清洁取暖，推动以电力、天然气、生物质、地热、工业余热等清洁低碳能源替代燃煤供暖，2023年北方地区清洁取暖率近80%。
In the construction sector, there has been widespread adoption of solar water heaters and electric cooking appliances. In northern China, clean heating has been actively advanced, replacing coal with clean and low-carbon energy such as electricity, natural gas, biomass, geothermal energy, and industrial exhaust heat. In 2023, the share of clean heating reached nearly 80 percent in northern China.
交通运输领域大力推广新能源汽车，提升铁路电气化水平，推行船舶、飞机靠港使用岸电。截至2023年底，中国新能源汽车保有量超过2040万辆，全国铁路电气化比例达73.8%。全社会终端用能电气化率达28%，十年来电气化水平提升约7个百分点。
In the transport sector, there has been a strong push for new energy vehicles, increased electrification of railways, and the use of shore power for anchored ships and parked aircraft. By the end of 2023, China had over 20.4 million new energy vehicles; the electrification rate of its railway system reached 73.8 percent; and the electrification rate of society-wide final energy consumption stood at 28 percent, an increase of about 7 percentage points from 2013.
践行绿色低碳生活方式。节能降碳是一场贯穿整个社会的全民行动。中国积极倡导绿色低碳生活理念，深入开展绿色生活创建行动，推动全民持续提升节约意识。加大绿色低碳产品推广力度，组织开展全国生态日、全国节能宣传周、全国低碳日、世界环境日等主题宣传活动，全面普及节能理念和节能知识。鼓励公众绿色出行，优先选择公共交通、自行车和步行等绿色出行方式。组织109个城市开展绿色出行创建行动，其中考核达标城市97个，绿色出行比例达到70%以上。
Adopting green and low-carbon ways of life. Energy conservation and carbon reduction have been promoted throughout society. China has been actively encouraging green and low-carbon lifestyles, and has intensified its efforts to promote green living and raise the public’s consciousness of the need to conserve resources. It has made greater efforts to promote green and low-carbon products and has carried out public awareness events such as the National Ecology Day, the National Energy Conservation Week, the National Low Carbon Day, and the World Environment Day, to comprehensively promote awareness and understanding of energy conservation. Green travel is promoted as the public are encouraged to make public transport, cycling, and walking their first choices for getting around. Additionally, the government has organized a green travel campaign, in which 97 of the 109 participating cities have met the standards, with their green travel rates exceeding 70 percent.
三、加快构建能源供给新体系
III. Moving Faster to Build a New Energy Supply System
中国立足基本国情和发展阶段，把握好新能源和传统能源协调平衡，在保障能源可靠供应的同时推动能源转型。大力提升非化石能源的可靠替代能力，发挥化石能源支撑调节作用，加快构建多元清洁、安全韧性的能源供给新体系。
China is committed to striking a balance between traditional and new energy sources in order to facilitate its energy transition while ensuring a stable energy supply tailored to the country’s national conditions and development stage. The country has been working to improve the reliability of non-fossil fuels as alternative energy sources and leverage the supporting and balancing role of fossil fuels, as it moves towards building a clean, diversified, secure and resilient energy supply system.
（一）推动非化石能源高质量发展
1. Promoting High-quality Development of Non-fossil Energy
加快发展非化石能源是加强生态文明建设、推动经济社会绿色低碳发展、积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和的必然要求，是发展绿色生产力的必由之路。
Accelerating the development of non-fossil energy is a necessary step in pursuing eco-environmental progress, promoting green and low-carbon economic and social development, and achieving the peak carbon and carbon neutrality goals. It is essential to increasing green productivity.
推动风电、光伏发电跃升发展。中国风能、太阳能资源丰富，风电、光伏发电成为清洁能源的主力军。有序推进大型风电光伏基地建设，以库布其、乌兰布和、腾格里、巴丹吉林沙漠为重点，规划建设4.5亿千瓦大型风电光伏基地项目。推进海上风电规模化集群化发展，累计装机规模达3728万千瓦。积极推进分布式新能源发展，开展“千乡万村驭风行动”“千家万户沐光行动”，推广农光互补、渔光互补、牧光互补等“光伏+农业”新模式，打开了农村新能源发展的广阔空间。截至2023年底，中国风电、光伏发电累计装机容量分别达4.41亿千瓦、6.09亿千瓦，合计较10年前增长了10倍。其中，分布式光伏发电累计装机容量超过2.5亿千瓦，占光伏发电总装机容量40%以上。
Realizing a boom in wind and solar PV power. China has abundant wind and solar resources, making them the predominant sources of clean energy generation in the country. Construction has been advanced in steps on large-scale wind and PV power bases centered around the Kubuqi, Ulan Buh, Tengger, and Badain Jaran deserts, expected to reach a total installed capacity of 450 GW. China has seen large-scale and cluster development of offshore wind farms, with a cumulative installed capacity of 37,280 MW. Distributed new energy production has also made rapid progress. Wind and PV energy projects have been piloted in rural areas featuring the “PV plus agriculture” models, including agrivoltaic farming, fishery-solar hybrid systems, and animal husbandry-solar solutions, which has opened up broad spaces for new energy production. By the end of 2023, China’s cumulative installed capacities of wind and PV power stood at 441 GW and 609 GW, an elevenfold increase over the past decade. The installed capacity of distributed PV power exceeded 250 GW, accounting for more than 40 percent of the total installed capacity of PV power.
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