翻译数据库中英对照：《中国的能源转型》白皮书 [10]
China's Energy Transition [10]
瞄准世界能源科技前沿，聚焦能源关键领域和重大需求，加强科技攻关，大力发展新能源技术及产业，推动传统能源产业绿色转型发展。
Focusing on the cutting-edge technologies, key fields and strategic needs in the energy sector, China has been increasing its efforts to achieve breakthroughs in technology, develop new energy technologies and industries, and facilitate the transition to green energy from traditional sources.
大力发展绿色能源技术。建成完备的风电、光伏全产业链研发设计和集成制造体系，高效晶体硅、钙钛矿等光伏电池技术转换效率多次刷新世界纪录，量产先进晶体硅光伏电池转换效率超过25%。陆上风电机组最大单机容量突破10兆瓦，单机18兆瓦的海上风电机组顺利下线。水电设计、施工、设备制造全产业链体系全球领先，世界最大单机容量100万千瓦水电机组已在白鹤滩水电站投运。全面掌握“华龙一号”“国和一号”等大型三代压水堆和高温气冷堆第四代核电技术，“玲龙一号”小型压水堆示范工程开工建设。智能电网技术处于世界前列，建成柔性直流输电等标志性工程。新型储能和氢能技术加快发展。
Developing green energy technologies. China has built complete industrial chains for the R&D, design, and integrated manufacturing of wind and solar PV equipment. The high conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon/perovskite PV cell technology has established multiple world bests, and the conversion efficiency of advanced crystalline silicon PV cells in mass production has exceeded 25 percent. The maximum single-unit capacity of onshore wind turbines now exceeds 10 MW, and offshore wind turbines with a single-unit capacity of 18 MW have rolled off the production line. China has also become a front-runner throughout the hydropower industrial chain, from design and construction to equipment manufacturing. The world’s largest hydropower generating units, each having an installed capacity of 1,000 MW, are in operation at the Baihetan Hydropower Station. The country has mastered the nuclear power technologies of third-generation pressurized water reactors (PWRs) as represented by Hualong One and Guohe One, as well as fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooled reactors. Work has begun on Linglong One, a small modular PWR demonstration project. The country is also a world leader in smart grid technology, and has built a number of flexible DC transmission projects. Additionally, the development of novel energy storage and hydrogen energy technologies is accelerating.
提升传统能源清洁高效利用水平。煤电行业推广应用超（超）临界燃煤发电、深度调峰技术等，环保和能效指标达到世界先进水平。油气领域二氧化碳驱油、水平钻井和页岩气开发等先进油气勘探开采技术实现产业化应用，深海油气勘探开发技术取得显著进步，全球首座十万吨级深水半潜式生产储油平台“深海一号”投运，推动油气行业绿色转型升级。
Improving the clean and efficient utilization of traditional energy sources. China is applying supercritical and ultra-supercritical power generation and deep peak-shaving technologies in the coal-fired power industry to raise its environmental and energy efficiency indicators to world-leading standards. Advanced oil and gas exploration and production technologies have been industrialized, such as carbon dioxide flooding, horizontal drilling, and shale gas development, and significant progress has been made in deep-sea oil and gas exploration technologies. Shenhai-1, the world’s first 100,000-tonne deep-sea semi-submersible oil production and storage platform, is operational, to help advance the green transformation and upgrading of the oil and gas industry.
（三）打造能源产业升级新增长点
3. Creating New Growth Points to Upgrade the Energy Sector
大力推进数字技术与能源产业深度融合，催生新技术、新业态、新模式，为能源产业基础高级化和产业链现代化插上腾飞的“翅膀”。
China is actively integrating digital technology into the energy sector and fostering new technologies, business forms and models to upgrade the energy sector and modernize industrial chains.
以数字化智能化技术推动能源产业转型升级。加快推动能源基础设施数字化智能化升级，大力推进智慧电厂、智能油气田、智能化煤矿建设，提升企业决策智能化水平、经营效益和服务质量。加快建设新型电力系统，源网荷储全链条各类主体信息共享，实现全景可感知、全局可控制、主配电网有效协同、各类电源实时调控，提升电力资源配置效率和系统安全运行水平。终端用能环节加快构建数字能源生态，建设智慧能源城市、智能社区（园区），提高用能系统协同调控及智能化水平，催生智慧用能新模式，以数字经济助推绿色消费升级。
Transforming and upgrading the energy sector with digital and intelligent technologies. China has accelerated the application of digital and intelligent technologies to upgrade energy infrastructure for power plants, oil and gas fields, and coal mines, and to improve decision-making, operational efficiency, and service quality of enterprises. It has fast-tracked the construction of a new power system that allows information sharing among all entities across the generation-grid-load-storage chain. This enables panoramic perception, overall controllability, effective coordination between transmission and distribution grids, and real-time regulation of power supplies, which in turn improve the efficiency of power resource allocation and operational safety of the system. Plans are in place to create a digital end-use ecosystem, to build smart energy cities and communities, to improve the coordinated regulation and intelligence level of energy consumption systems, to unlock new models for smart energy use, and to upgrade green consumption with the digital economy.
培育能源新业态新模式。优化整合电源侧、电网侧、负荷侧资源，构建源网荷储高度融合、协同互动的供给新形态。结合工业、交通、建筑等典型应用场景，因地制宜建设智能微电网，促进新能源就地消纳。推进虚拟电厂建设，提升电力系统调节能力。推广天然气冷热电三联供、地热、分布式新能源、新型储能、余热利用等综合能源服务新模式，提高能源综合利用效率。
Fostering new business forms and models in the energy sector. China has optimized and integrated its resources for electricity generation, grid infrastructure, and load management to build a new model of power supply based on close connectivity, coordination and interaction across the generation-grid-load-storage chain. Smart microgrids have been built for a variety of scenarios in the industrial, transport, construction and other sectors, allowing the local consumption of new energy. Virtual power plants have been created to increase the regulation capacity of the power system, and new integrated energy service models have been introduced to improve comprehensive energy efficiency, such as combined cooling, heating and power systems for natural gas utilization, geothermal power, distributed new energy, novel energy storage, and waste heat utilization.
五、推进能源治理现代化
V. Modernizing Energy Governance
能源高质量发展需要大力推进能源治理现代化，加快形成与之相适应的新型生产关系。中国通过深化改革、完善政策、规划引领、法治保障等多种手段，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，为能源绿色低碳转型营造良好的发展环境。
High-quality development in China’s energy sector requires a significant effort to modernize energy governance and establish a new energy-producing dynamic in tandem with this effort. Through deeper reform, improved policies, strategic plans, and the rule of law as guarantee, China has been able to fully leverage the decisive role of the market in resource allocation while ensuring that the government better plays its role. This has created an enabling environment for the green and low-carbon energy transition.
（一）构建公平开放、有效竞争的能源市场
1. Building a Fair and Open Energy Market with Effective Competition
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