翻译数据库中英对照：《中国的能源转型》白皮书 [5]
China's Energy Transition [5]
不断满足群众绿色用能需求，2023年底，北方地区清洁取暖率近80%，全国充电基础设施从不到10万台增加到近860万台。
Measures have been taken to meet the growing demand for green energy. By the end of 2023, the proportion of clean energy heating in northern China approached 80 percent; the total number of charging facilities for new energy vehicles nationwide increased from less than 100,000 in 2013 to almost 8.6 million.
中国能源转型与生态环境高水平保护协同推进。十年来，煤电平均供电煤耗降至303克标准煤/千瓦时，先进机组的二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放水平与天然气发电机组限值相当。2013－2023年，单位国内生产总值能耗累计下降超过26%。持续推进成品油质量升级，成品油质量达到世界先进水平。全国燃煤锅炉减少80%以上，京津冀及周边地区、汾渭平原基本完成平原地区冬季取暖散煤替代。
Synergizing with high-standard eco-environmental protection. Over the past decade, average coal consumption of coal-fired power generation has reduced to 303 grams of standard coal per kilowatt-hour, with SO2 and NOX emissions of advanced coal-fired power generation units now comparable to the upper limits for natural gas power units. From 2013 to 2023, energy consumption per unit of GDP decreased by more than 26 percent, and the quality of China’s refined oil products consistently improved to reach advanced international levels. The number of coal-fired boilers and power plants has decreased by more than 80 percent nationwide, and almost all bulk coal has been replaced with clean energy for winter heating in and around the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region and in the Fenhe-Weihe River Plain.
能源资源实现绿色集约化开发，绿色开发技术广泛应用，矿山生态环境得到明显改善。在沙漠、戈壁、荒漠及采煤沉陷区推广“光伏+”生态修复新模式。PM2.5平均浓度累计下降54%，重污染天数下降了83%，有效支撑了美丽中国建设。
Green and intensive development of energy and resources has been realized, green technology for energy and resource development has been widely applied, and the eco-environment of mines has seen significant improvement. The PV-based environmental restoration model has been successfully introduced in desert and coal mining subsidence areas. The average concentration of PM2.5 has fallen by 54 percent over the past decade, and the number of days with heavy pollution has decreased by 83 percent, serving to underpin the Beautiful China initiative.
中国能源转型为全球能源转型、共建清洁美丽世界作出重要贡献。2023年中国能源转型投资达6760亿美元，是全球能源转型投资最多的国家。十年来，中国向全球提供优质的清洁能源产品和服务，持续加大科技创新力度，不断推动新能源技术快速迭代，有力促进全球风电、光伏成本大幅下降。
Contributing to global energy transition and a clean and beautiful world. In 2023, China’s investment in energy transition reached US$676 billion, making it the world’s largest investor in this field. Over the past decade, China has provided premium clean energy products and services to the international market. The country has also doubled its efforts in technological innovation to upgrade new energy technology at a faster pace, contributing enormously to a sharp reduction in the costs of wind power and PV power worldwide.
中国持续扩大开放合作，与100多个国家和地区开展绿色能源项目合作，核电、水电、新能源等一大批标志性项目接连建成投产，2023年出口风电光伏产品助力其他国家减排二氧化碳约8.1亿吨。中国新能源产业不仅丰富了全球供给，缓解了全球通胀压力，也为全球应对气候变化和绿色转型作出了突出贡献。
Through expanding opening up and cooperation, China has worked with more than 100 countries and regions on green energy projects. A large number of signature projects involving nuclear power, hydropower, and new energy have been completed. In 2023, China’s exports of wind power and PV products helped other countries reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 810 million tonnes. China’s new energy industry has added to the global energy supply, eased global inflation pressures, and contributed to the global effort to combat climate change and transition to green development.
二、厚植能源绿色消费的底色
II. Promoting Green Energy Consumption
绿色是生态文明的底色。中国牢固树立和践行绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，从人与自然和谐共生的高度谋划发展方式转型，着力转变对能源资源的路径依赖，推动经济社会发展全面绿色转型。
Green development is a defining feature of an eco-civilization. China firmly believes that clear waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and acts accordingly. It therefore plans to transition its development model to one that achieves harmony between humanity and nature as a major focus. China is moving away from the traditional path of heavy dependence on energy and resources, as the country looks to promote a green transformation in every aspect of its economic and social development.
（一）强化节能降碳制度约束
1. Strengthening Institutional Constraints for Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction
始终坚持节能优先方针，抑制不合理能源消费，在转变资源利用方式、提高资源利用效率上下功夫。
Staying committed to prioritizing energy conservation and reining in irrational energy use, China focuses its efforts on changing the way resources are used and improving its resource efficiency.
用好能耗双控指挥棒。实施能耗双控是中国加快生态文明建设、推动高质量发展的重要制度性安排。中国适应经济社会发展新形势，将能耗强度下降作为约束性指标，并推动向碳排放双控转变。十年来，中国通过产业结构调整和优化升级，大力发展节能降碳技术和产业，全面提高能源效率，能耗强度持续下降，累计节约能源消费约14亿吨标准煤，减少二氧化碳排放约30亿吨。
Maximizing the policy of dual control over energy use. Controlling both the volume and intensity of energy use is a crucial institutional measure in accelerating eco-environmental progress and pursuing high-quality development. To keep up with the dynamics in its economic and social development, China has set a binding target of lowering energy intensity and has shifted its focus from controlling the volume and intensity of energy use to controlling the volume and intensity of carbon emissions. Over the past decade, through industrial restructuring and upgrading, China has introduced energy-saving and carbon reduction technologies and industries, and raised its energy efficiency across the board. As a result of these efforts, the country’s energy intensity has decreased steadily, leading to energy savings equivalent to about 1.4 billion tonnes of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 3 billion tonnes.
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