翻译数据库中英对照：美国对华认知中的谬误和事实真相 [10]
Reality Check: Falsehoods in US Perceptions of China [10]
◆新冠肺炎疫情发生以来，中国坚持人民至上、生命至上，从自身国情出发制定并实施“动态清零”总方针，因时因势不断对防控措施进行调整，最大限度保障人民生命健康，同时以良好的防控成效保障经济社会持续健康稳定发展。中国新冠感染率和死亡率均处于全球最低水平。
◆ Since COVID-19 started, China has been acting on the principle of putting the people and their lives first. Based on China’s national conditions, it has formulated and implemented a dynamic zero-COVID guideline, and has been constantly fine-tuning its response measures in light of the evolving situation, to best protect people’s life and health and at the same time, ensure sustained, sound and steady socioeconomic development with the pandemic under effective control. Both the infection rate and mortality rate of China are the lowest in the world.
◆中国积极参与全球人权治理，为世界人权事业发展作出了中国贡献、提供了中国方案。近年来，联合国人权理事会决议写入“构建人类命运共同体”，联合国人权理事会多次通过中国提出的“发展对享有所有人权的贡献”“在人权领域促进合作共赢”等决议，中国多次代表发展中国家就“落实发展权”“减贫促人权”“促进全球疫苗公平分配”等作共同发言，为维护广大发展中国家的基本人权贡献力量，赢得国际社会广泛赞同和支持。
◆ As an active participant in global human rights governance, China has made its contribution to and offered its initiatives on world human rights development. In recent years, the concept of “building a community of shared future” has been written into the resolutions of the UN Human Rights Council, and China-sponsored resolutions on “the contribution of development to the enjoyment of all human rights” and on “Promoting Mutually Beneficial Cooperation in the Field of Human Rights” were adopted multiple times at the Human Rights Council. China also made joint statements on behalf of developing countries on the implementation of the right to development, the promotion of human rights by poverty alleviation, equitable distribution of vaccines, among other subjects, contributing its share to safeguarding the basic human rights of developing countries, which has won it wide recognition and support from the international community.
◆中国是促进国际人权事业发展的倡导者，更是行动派。世界银行发布的研究报告显示，“一带一路”倡议全面实施可使3200万人摆脱日均生活费低于3.2美元的中度贫困状态，表明共建“一带一路”将有力提升更多国家的人权保障水平。面对新冠疫情，中国实施了新中国成立以来规模最大的全球人道主义行动，积极推动共建人类卫生健康共同体。面对全球发展赤字，中国提出全球发展倡议，将增进人民福祉、实现人的全面发展作为出发点和落脚点，已获得100多个国家和联合国等多个国际组织响应支持。倡议为推动各国加快落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程凝聚起广泛国际共识，有助于增强协同发展的国际合力，为国际人权事业发展提供坚强保障。
◆ China has been an advocate and a doer in advancing the international human rights cause. A World Bank study estimates, if implemented fully, the Belt and Road Initiative could lift 32 million people out of moderate poverty — those who live on less than $3.2 a day. It shows how participating in Belt and Road cooperation can advance human rights in more countries. In the face of the pandemic, China launched its largest global humanitarian operation since the founding of the People’s Republic, and championed the building of a global community of health for all. To address the global development deficit, China proposed the Global Development Initiative (GDI) which sees improving people’s welfare and achieving well-rounded human development as the fundamental purpose and goal. The GDI has been echoed and supported by more than 100 countries and many international organizations including the UN. The Initiative galvanizes extensive international consensus for accelerated implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and builds up international synergy for coordinated development, thus providing a strong underpinning for the advancement of the international human rights cause.
◆生命权是最大的人权，生存是享有一切人权的基础。美国拥有全世界最先进的医疗设备和技术，却成为全球新冠肺炎感染和死亡人数最多的国家。疫情防控始终被高度政治化，成为共和党和民主党相互攻讦、否决、对抗的工具和筹码。政客只关注政治私利，却无视民众生命健康。不科学、不平等、不担当的疫情防控，严重损害了美国人民的生命权和健康权。
◆ The right to life is of utmost importance, as survival is the basis of all human rights. Endowed with the world’s most advanced medical equipment and technologies, the US has registered the world’s largest number of COVID-19 infections and deaths. Pandemic response has been extremely politicized, and become a tool and lever to attack, undercut and oppose each other between the Republicans and the Democrats. Politicians only focus on political gains, with no regard to the life and health of the ordinary people. Its pandemic control, which has been unscientific, unequal and irresponsible, has gravely undermined American people’s right to life and health.
目前，美国新冠死亡人数已突破100万，美国《大西洋月刊》评论，“出乎意料”“猝不及防”“特别痛心”“许多情况下是可以避免的”。美国政客还宣称“年长者可为国牺牲”“国家经济比老年人生命更重要”。美国疾病控制和预防中心数据显示，因新冠肺炎疫情死亡的大多数患者年龄在65岁以上。南加州大学和普林斯顿大学的研究显示，新冠肺炎使美国人的平均预期寿命减少了1.13岁，这是自二战以来的最大降幅。其中，非洲裔和拉美裔的平均预期寿命下降了2.1岁和3.05岁，相对而言，白人的平均预期寿命下降了0.68岁。
So far, the COVID-19 death toll in the US has surpassed one million. The deaths are, according to The Atlantic, “unexpected, untimely, particularly painful, and, in many cases, preventable”. Some politician even suggested that old people may sacrifice themselves for the country and that saving the country’s economy is more important than old people’s lives. Data of the US Center for Disease Prevention and Control shows that most COVID victims are aged 65 years and above. USC and Princeton researchers project that due to the pandemic deaths last year, life expectancy at birth for Americans will shorten by 1.13 years, the sharpest decline since World War II. “For Blacks, the life expectancy would shorten by 2.10 years, and for Latinos, by 3.05 years. Whites are also impacted, but their projected decline is much smaller – 0.68 years.”
美国《华盛顿邮报》报道称，在100万美国人死于新冠肺炎的背后，还有一个更高的数字——900万。这是因新冠肺炎失去配偶、父母、祖父母、兄弟姐妹和孩子的美国人的数量。英国帝国理工学院的监测显示，截至2022年5月23日，美国有超过25万名儿童因新冠疫情失去主要或次要监护人。美国政府问责局2022年3月公布的数据显示，美国可能有2300万人遭遇长期新冠症状，预计约100万人因后遗症影响不能工作。
The Washington Post points to a far greater number behind the one million death toll: That number is 9 million – the number of Americans who have lost spouses, parents, grandparents, siblings and children to COVID. A study by the Imperial College London estimates that more than 250,000 US children had lost a parent or caregiver to COVID-19 by 23 May 2020. Figures released by the US Government Accountability Office in March 2022 show that up to 23 million people in the US may have developed “long COVID”, and an estimated one million people suffering from the symptoms may be pushed out of work.
◆美国是枪支暴力最严重的国家。美国有3.33亿人口，仅占全球人口的4%，却拥有4亿多支枪，占全球私人枪械总数的46%之多，民间持枪率居世界第一，持续不断的枪击案平均每天夺取110多人的生命。很多人感慨，在美国买枪比买奶粉还容易。
The US is the country most rampant with gun violence. Its population, totaling 333 million or 4 percent of the world’s total, own more than 400 million guns or 46 percent of all the private guns in the world. It tops the world in terms of gun ownership, and shooting incidents every now and then in the US takes away more than 110 lives on a daily average. Many people say it is easier to buy a gun than baby formula in the US.
美国“枪支暴力档案”网站数据显示，2021年有约4.5万名美国人死于枪支暴力事件。2022年5月24日，美国得克萨斯州罗布小学发生枪击事件，造成包括19名儿童在内的21人死亡。据美国媒体统计，这是美国今年第39起校园枪击事件。《华盛顿邮报》称，在今年5个半月的时间里，美国已经发生了202起大规模枪击事件。过去数十年来，人们没有看到美国政府在解决上述问题上采取任何实质举措。过去25年来，美国联邦政府未能出台一项控枪法案。《纽约时报》评论称，美国变得无法治理不是因为政治分歧或抗议或不文明，而是因为这个国家不愿保护和关心它的公民——它的妇女、它的少数族裔，尤其是它的儿童。
Data of the US website Gun Violence Archive show about 45,000 Americans are killed in gun violence incidents in 2021. On 24 May 2022, the Robb elementary school shooting in Texas claimed 21 lives, including 19 children. By US media counts, it is the 39th campus shooting this year. According to The Washington Post tally, 202 mass shootings took place in the US in the first five and half months this year. For decades, no substantive measures have been taken by the US government to address such problems. In the past 25 years, the US federal government fails to introduce any gun control act. The New York Times observed, “The United States has become ungovernable not because of political differences or protest or a lack of civility, but because this is a country unwilling to protect and care for its citizens – its women, its racial minorities and especially its children.”
◆美国的开国元勋一边说着“人人生而平等”，一边却在1789年施行的宪法中保留了蓄奴制度。时至今日，美国虽然表面上废除了种族隔离制度，但白人至上主义甚嚣尘上，对少数族裔的歧视依然系统性存在。美国根深蒂固的种族主义“病毒”与新冠病毒一起蔓延，反亚裔仇恨犯罪频发高发，土著居民遭受的种族迫害仍在继续，对穆斯林群体的歧视有增无减，种族经济鸿沟不断扩大，种族不平等日益加剧。马丁·路德·金发出“我有一个梦想”的呐喊已经过去将近60年，但人们至今看到的仍然是弗洛伊德“我不能呼吸”的残酷现实。
Despite the claim by US founding fathers that “All men are created equal”, slavery was preserved in its Constitution of 1789. Although the US has abolished segregation on the surface, white supremacy continues to wreak havoc, and systemic discrimination against racial minorities still exists even to this day. The entrenched racism, compounded by the coronavirus, has fueled a new spike of hate crimes against Asian-Americans. At the same time, racial persecution of the indigenous people persists, discrimination against the Muslim community worsens, racial economic divide yawns, and racial inequality aggravates day by day. Nearly 60 years on since Martin Luther King’s “I Have A Dream” speech, people still see a brutal reality as reflected in George Floyd’s “I can’t breathe” plea.
◆美国通过屠杀、驱赶、绝育、强制同化等手段对印第安人实行种族灭绝，导致印第安人口从1492年的500万锐减到20世纪初的25万。美国原住民群体长期受到忽视和歧视，印第安人的文化受到根本性破坏，生命和精神的代际存续受到严重威胁。美国政府的许多统计数据完全忽略印第安人，或草率地将其归为“其他”。
◆ Through slaughter, expulsion, sterilization and forced assimilation, the US committed a genocide against Native Americans, resulting in a sharp drop in their population from five million in 1492 to 250,000 in the early 20th century. The Native American community has long been neglected and discriminated against. The indigenous culture was fundamentally crushed, and the inter-generational inheritance of indigenous lives and spirits was under severe threats. Many US government statistical programs either leave them out completely or simply classify them as “others”.
注：为确保中英对照准确，“热词译”网站可能对中英文重新分段。