翻译数据库中英对照：美国对华认知中的谬误和事实真相 [27]
Reality Check: Falsehoods in US Perceptions of China [27]
事实真相中国技术创新和发展依靠自身投入和努力。美方在科技交流合作方面以意识形态划线，是冷战思维的体现。
Reality check China’s technological innovation and development is based on its own investment and efforts. The US is drawing ideological lines in scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, and this embodies its Cold War mentality.
◆中国是全球创新大国，创新投入规模和增速领先世界。据统计，2021年中国全社会研发投入达27864亿元，同比增长14.2%，共授权发明专利69.6万件，同比增长31.3%。世界知识产权组织《2021年全球创新指数（GII）报告》称，中国国家创新能力综合排名从第35名升至第12名。中国拥有19个全球百强科技集群，位列世界第二。中国申请人提交的国际专利申请达6.95万件，连续三年位居全球首位。欧洲专利局统计显示，2021年共收到来自中国16665项专利申请，同比增长24%，在主要专利申请国中增幅最高。
◆ China is a big innovator in the world with leading input and growth rate in innovation. According to statistics, China’s social R&D investment in 2021 reached 2.7864 trillion yuan, an increase of 14.2 percent over the previous year. A total of 696,000 invention patents were authorized in 2021, up by 31.3 percent year-on-year. The Global Innovation Index (GII) 2021 published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) shows that China’s world innovation performance ranking has moved up from the 35th place to the 12th. China is now home to 19 of the top 100 science and technology clusters worldwide, ranking the second globally. Chinese applicants submitted 69,500 international patent applications, making China the first in the world for three consecutive years. The European Patent Office (EPO) recorded 16,665 applications from China in 2021, registering a year-on-year increase of 24 percent and the biggest surge among leading patent filing countries.
◆近年来，中国主动融入全球科技创新网络，“一带一路”科技人文交流取得丰硕成果。中国还积极推进《海牙协定》《马拉喀什条约》加入进程，为知识产权全球治理贡献中国力量。中国欧盟商会发布的《商业信心调查2021》显示，半数以上受访企业认为中国知识产权执法力度“足够好”或“非常好”。
◆ In recent years, China has been actively integrating into the global science and technology innovation network, and has enjoyed fruitful results in technological and people-to-people exchanges under the BRI. In addition, China has also actively worked to join the Hague Agreement and the Marrakesh Treaty, contributing its share to the global governance of intellectual property rights. The Business Confidence Survey 2021 published by the EUCCC shows that over half of interviewed companies view intellectual property rights enforcement in China as “adequate” or “excellent”.
◆历史上，美国多次通过刺探情报、吸引移民、垄断专利等手段窃取知识产权，攫取技术红利。
◆ Throughout history, the US has repeatedly stolen intellectual properties and reaped dividends from technological developments through various means, including prying out information, offering immigration status and monopolizing patents.
二战后，美国通过“回形针”行动搜刮德国先进飞行器、制导导弹控制等技术专利，将德国几乎所有政府部门、研发机构、大型企业洗劫一空，并强迫德国科学家移民美国。
After World War II, the US launched Operation Paperclip to plunder Germany of its technology patents, including those on advanced aircraft and guided missile control. Nearly all German government agencies, research and development institutes and large companies were looted, and German scientists were forced to immigrate to the US.
上世纪90年代，美情报机构在日本汽车贸易谈判代表专车上安装窃听装置，获取内部情报，以赢得谈判主动权。
In the 1990s, US intelligence agencies installed eavesdropping devices in the cars of Japanese negotiators during automobile trade talks to intercept internal information and gain the upper hand in the negotiations.
2001年，欧洲空中客车公司状告美波音公司借助美国家安全局“梯队”电子监控系统跟踪空客公司员工电话、传真、电邮，窃取商业秘密。
In 2001, the European company Airbus sued the American company Boeing for tracking Airbus employees’ telephone, fax, and e-mails for business espionage using the electronic surveillance system named Echelon developed by the US National Security Agency (NSA).
2013年，美司法部扣押法国阿尔斯通公司4位高管，胁迫阿尔斯通向美通用电气公司低价出售电力和电网等核心业务。
In 2013, the US DOJ detained four Alstom executives to force the French company into a fire sale of its core business, power and grid, to the US company General Electric.
2021年，丹麦媒体曝光，美国家安全局利用在丹麦的互联网设施监听欧洲各国高官和企业家。
In 2021, Danish media exposed that the US NSA wiretapped senior officials and business leaders in European countries using internet facilities located in Denmark.
美还以应对芯片短缺为名，强制各国芯片巨头企业限期交出订单、客户信息、库存等关键资料，谋求扭转美在芯片行业的劣势。
In addition, using “chip shortages” as an excuse, the US has also set deadlines to force leading chip makers from different countries to submit key information, including orders, clients and inventory, in an effort to turn the table in the chip sector.
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