翻译数据库中英对照：李克强总理出席记者会并回答中外记者提问 [5]
Premier Li Keqiang Meets the Press:Full Transcript of Questions and Answers [5]
讲到这里，我想对青年学生们说几句话，不管你们将来从事什么职业、有什么样的志向，一定要注意加强基础知识学习，打牢基本功和培育创新能力是并行不悖的。树高千尺，营养还在根部。把基础打牢了，将来就可以触类旁通，行行都可以写出精彩。
Here I would also like to say a few words to young students. No matter what job you want to do, or what dream you have for your life in the future, be sure to lay a solid foundation in essential knowledge and skills. Laying such a foundation and boosting your capacity for innovation are mutually reinforcing. The nutrients for a giant tree come from its root. Laying a solid foundation in knowledge and skills will open many doors and help you lead a fulfilling life.
创新还是要依靠市场的力量。企业是创新的主体。“十四五”期间政府会继续加大科技投入，同时要更多地依靠社会力量来加大研发投入，所以我们要增加“全社会”这个口径下的研发投入。
We must rely on market forces in driving innovations. Companies are the most important force. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the government will continue to scale up inputs, and we also need to rely more on private actors in boosting their R&D spending. Hence our R&D spending increase needs to come from all stakeholders.
这就需要采用一些机制。比如今年我们采取对制造业研发费用投入加计扣除100%的措施，这实际上是一项税收优惠，就是想通过市场化普惠制的办法，使企业投资研发有动力。
This would require institutional arrangement in policy support. This year we will introduce the tax incentive of raising the extra tax deduction on the R&D expenses of manufacturing firms to 100 percent. This is a market-oriented and inclusive tax break measure aiming to keep companies driven to scale up inputs in research and development.
当然，研发要靠人才，中国的人才资源是丰富的。我们一方面要让领军拔尖人才脱颖而出，另一方面也要看到普通人也有上上智。这些年我们推动“双创”，形成“众创”局面，推动了应用创新，也给整体创新带来了更大空间。
We have a wealth of talent in China who are critical for R&D. In addition to enabling leading professionals to succeed, we should also recognize that there could be extraordinary wisdom among ordinary people. That is why in recent years we have been encouraging business startups and innovations among the general public. And this initiative has created enormous space for application-oriented innovation and overall innovation.
我们说科技要自立自强，科学家要发奋努力，这和国际合作、同行交流是并行不悖的。科学探索和发明发现是需要合作的，需要共同努力。封闭不会有前途，断链对谁都没有好处。中国愿意在保护知识产权的基础上，同各国加强科技领域的合作，共同促进人类文明进步。
China's effort to strengthen itself in science and technology needs the efforts of Chinese scientists. Yet it is also compatible with promoting international cooperation and exchanges among global scientists. Scientific explorations, discoveries and inventions call for cooperation and joint efforts. Isolation will lead nowhere and severance of industrial or supply chains will do no one good. Based on protecting intellectual property, China is ready to enhance cooperation with all other countries in science and technology to jointly promote progress of human civilization.
美国有线电视新闻网记者美中两国关系在过去几年跌入建交以来的低谷，中方高层官员多次表示这是由于特朗普政府实施极端错误的反华政策造成的，他们也希望，美国拜登政府可以拨乱反正。但是许多来自华盛顿的声音表示中方的判断和立场忽视了重要的两点：一个就是双边关系恶化是双方的原因，而不是中方常说的责任完全在美方；还有一点就是在对华态度以及重大政策上，无论是疫情溯源还是香港、新疆等问题，美国的民主和共和两党其实有着高度的共识。请问您对这种来自美国的观点有何回应？尤其是在美中两国将于下周在阿拉斯加举行拜登上台之后的首次高级别会谈之际，中方会不会调整或者改变相关政策立场，推动双边关系的重启和修复？
CNN Mr. Premier, US-China relations hit a low point in the past several years since the establishment of diplomatic ties. In their recent statements, Chinese officials cited the highly erroneous anti-China policies of the Trump administration as the reason for that. Their message to the new US administration under President Biden is to right the wrongs. But many people in Washington, D.C. believe that two important points are overlooked in China's position and judgement. That is, both sides are responsible for the worsening of the bilateral relationship, not as what China said, the responsibility lies solely with the US side. The other is, there is a high bipartisan consensus in Washington, D.C. in the attitude and major policy toward China, including on the origins of the coronavirus, Hong Kong and Xinjiang. How would you respond to this? Moreover, as the two countries are about to hold the first high-level consultations since the beginning of the Biden administration in Alaska next week, is China also prepared to adjust or alter its position and policy on related issues to reset and improve its relations with the United States?
李克强过去几年中美关系的确遭遇了严重的困难，给两国和世界都带来了不利的影响。中美作为世界上最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，合则两利、斗则俱伤。中美建交40多年了，风风雨雨，能越过坎坷向前走，还是因为符合世界发展趋势，符合两国的根本利益。我们希望双方按照习近平主席最近和拜登总统通话的精神，尊重彼此的核心利益和重大关切，互不干涉内政和内部事务，秉持不冲突不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢的原则，推动两国关系向着健康稳定的方向发展。这既符合两国人民的利益，也是国际社会的期待。
Premier Li In the past several years, China-US relations encountered great difficulties, which has adversely affected both countries and the world. As the world's largest developing and developed countries, China and the United States both stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. In the past forty-plus years of diplomatic ties, China-US relations have gone through some twists and turns, but kept moving forward by overcoming obstacles. This is in keeping with the trend of world development and the fundamental interests of both countries. We hope that the two countries will act in the spirit of the phone conversation between President Xi Jinping and President Joe Biden, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, refrain from interfering in each other's internal affairs and work for sustained and healthy development of China-US relations in line with the principle of no conflict, no confrontation, mutual respect and win-win cooperation. That is in the interest of people of both countries. It is also what the international community hopes to see.
中美两国历史文化、发展阶段、社会制度不同，彼此相处难免会有矛盾、有分歧，有的时候甚至比较尖锐，关键是如何对待。中美两国人民是有智慧、有能力的，双方还是要相互尊重、平等相待地进行对话沟通。我们希望中美有多领域、多层次的对话，即便一时达不成共识，也可以交换意见、增信释疑，这有利于管控和化解分歧。
China and the United States are different in historical background, cultural heritage, stage of development and social system. Some differences and disagreements are hardly avoidable, and some could be quite acute. But what matters most is how these differences and disagreements are handled. The Chinese and American peoples have the wisdom and capability. The two sides need to have dialogue and exchanges based on mutual respect and equality. We hope to see dialogue in multiple areas and at various levels. Even if we cannot work things out anytime soon, such exchange of views will help boost trust and dispel misgivings. It will also help us better manage and mitigate our differences.
中美两国有着广泛的共同利益，有许多可以合作的领域。在去年多重冲击的背景下，中美两国的贸易规模仍然达到4.1万亿元，增长8.8%。我们还是应当把更多精力放在共同点上，去扩大共同利益。中美两国作为联合国安理会常任理事国，对于维护世界和平稳定、促进世界繁荣发展，都有重要责任。应该推动中美关系越过坎坷往前看，向着总体稳定的方向走。
China and the United States have common interests. There are many areas where the two countries can cooperate. Last year, China-US trade bucked the trend and reached 4.1 trillion yuan, up by 8.8 percent over the previous year. The two countries need to put more energy on their common ground and expand converging interests. As permanent members of the UN Security Council, the two countries shoulder important responsibility for maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global prosperity and progress. We need to be future-oriented and overcome obstacles to move China-US relations in a direction of overall stability.
新华社记者您一直强调要重视激发市场主体活力，发挥市场主体在经济发展中的重要作用。现在有一些市场主体反映，在生产经营、公平竞争、市场环境等方面还有一些困难和障碍。请问今年政府将出台哪些改革措施来助企纾困，让他们焕发新的生机？
Xinhua News Agency You have repeatedly stressed the importance of energizing market entities and leveraging their key role in driving economic development. At present, we are seeing that some market entities are still faced with difficulties or obstacles in terms of their production and operations, in fair competition and the market environment. What reform measures will the government take this year to alleviate their difficulties and revitalize those market entities?
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