翻译数据库中英对照：美国对华认知中的谬误和事实真相 [29]
Reality Check: Falsehoods in US Perceptions of China [29]
◆向发展中国家提供资金，帮助他们更好应对气候变化，是发达国家不可推卸的道义责任。在2009年哥本哈根和2010年坎昆会议上，发达国家承诺到2020年每年共同调动1000亿美元资金帮助发展中国家应对气候变化。然而十多年来，发达国家从未能真正兑现这一承诺。国际知名智库报告显示，发达国家每年提供的气候出资不仅总额不达标，而且存在“掺水”“凑数”等问题，实际提供的有效资金远低于官方通报数据。特别是美国仅完成应承担份额的不足20％。
◆ It is the unshirkable moral responsibility of developed countries to provide funding for developing countries to help them better cope with climate change. At Copenhagen in 2009 and Cancún in 2010, developed countries committed to a goal of mobilizing jointly 100 billion US dollars a year by 2020 to address the needs of developing countries. More than ten years have passed, developed countries have never truly delivered on their commitment. Report by a well-known international think tank shows that not only did developed countries fall short of their collective climate financing target every year, they also juggled the figures, providing far less funds than officially released figures. Most notably, the US only fulfilled less than 20 percent of its due contribution.
◆美国多年来在公开场合表示希望与中方合作应对气候变化，但行动上却自相矛盾。美国要求中国控制煤炭消费的同时却要求中国继续从美国进口煤炭；提出发展可再生能源的同时却制裁中国的光伏企业。以光伏产品为例，从2012年开始，美国针对中国光伏产品征收反倾销和反补贴税，税率高达34%-47%。2014年12月，美国对中国光伏制造商进行“双反”调查。2018年1月，美国上届政府决定对85亿美元的进口太阳能电池板征收全球保障性关税。2021年底，美国将所谓“维吾尔强迫劳动预防法案”签署成法，打着人权的幌子打击新疆光伏产业。美有关举措不仅打压正常的光伏产品贸易、打乱正常供应链，也破坏全球应对气候变化的努力。美方应纠正错误，为中美两国气候合作营造有利环境。
◆ For years, the US has been saying publicly that it wants to work with China on climate change, but its actions say otherwise. While demanding China to consume less coal, it asks China to continue buying coal from it; while appealing for the development of renewable energies, it imposes sanctions on Chinese PV businesses. Take PV products as an example, starting from 2012, the US has imposed anti-dumping and countervailing duties on Chinese PV products, with rates as high as 34 to 47 percent. In December 2014, the US conducted anti-dumping and countervailing investigations on Chinese PV manufacturers. In January 2018, the previous US administration decided to slap global safeguard tariffs on 8.5 billion US dollars’ worth of solar panel imports. In late 2021, the so-called “Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act” was signed into law by the US, which is yet another attempt to hobble the PV industry in Xinjiang under the disguise of human rights. Relevant US measures have not only impeded normal trade in PV products and disrupted normal supply chains, but also undermined global efforts in countering climate change. The US should correct its wrong practices in order to create an enabling environment for climate cooperation with China.
◆当前气候变化给人类生存和发展带来严峻挑战，需要各国合力应对。包括美国在内的发达国家应切实遵循共同但有区别的责任原则，按照《巴黎协定》的要求，正视其历史责任，展现更大的雄心和行动，率先大幅度减排，早于2050年实现碳中和，并为发展中国家留出应有的发展和排放空间，落实向发展中国家提供充足资金、技术和能力建设支持的承诺。在兑现出资承诺、发挥公共资金引导作用的基础上，积极发展绿色金融，引导社会投资流向低碳领域。各方还要积极建立国家、区域和全球的碳市场、碳定价机制，降低减排成本，提高减排力度，促进技术创新和可持续发展，通过碳市场收益分成机制，为发展中国家适应气侯变化和开展能力建设提供稳定的资金来源。
◆ Climate change has caused serious challenges to human survival and development, and must be tackled through global cooperation. Developed countries, the US included, should honor the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and follow the requirements of the Paris Agreement. They need to face up to their historical responsibilities, and level up their ambitions and actions. They need to take the lead in making substantial reductions of emissions and strive to achieve carbon neutrality before 2050. In the meantime, they need to give developing countries due space for development and emission, and deliver on their commitments of providing developing countries with adequate finance, technology and capacity-building support. On the basis of meeting financing pledges and leveraging public funds, efforts can be made to promote the development of green finance and bring private investment into low-carbon sectors. It is also important to build national, regional and global carbon markets and carbon pricing mechanisms, bring down the costs and raise the level of emissions reductions, promote technological innovation and sustainable development, and provide developing countries with stable sources of funding for mitigation and capacity-building through the benefit sharing mechanism of carbon markets.
谬误19在打击非法毒品特别是合成阿片如芬太尼方面，我们希望与中国合作，阻止国际贩毒组织获得化学前体，其中许多都源自中国。
Falsehood 19 To counter illegal and illicit narcotics, especially synthetic opioids like fentanyl, we want to work with China to stop international drug trafficking organizations from getting precursor chemicals, many of which originate in China.
事实真相美国国内芬太尼滥用问题的根源在美国自身。
Reality Check The US has itself to blame for the root cause of fentanyl abuse in the country.
◆毒品泛滥是长期困扰美国的一大顽疾，有深刻历史和社会根源。
◆ Narcotics abuse, a chronic malaise plaguing the US, has deep historical and social roots.
美国以占世界5%的人口，消费了全球80%的阿片类药物，是全球第一大毒品消费市场。美国国内普遍存在滥用处方止痛药的传统，其背后是药企、医药代表、医生利益的完整链条，药企大力兜售、医师滥开处方、政府打击不力、大麻合法化负面导向等多种因素交织，最终造成毒品消费市场持续扩大。美国阿片类药物滥用和死亡人数增加，起源于1995年美国食品药品监管局批准普渡制药公司出产的阿片类止痛药奥施康定。在阻遏需求、控制生产方面，美国完全可以做得更多。
With five percent of the world’s population, the US consumes 80 percent of opioids in the world, making the country the world’s biggest market for narcotics. There is a prevalent tradition of prescription painkiller abuse in the US, undergirded by a complete chain of pharmaceutical companies, medical representatives and doctors. All-out marketing by pharmaceutical companies, over-prescription by doctors, ineffective government crackdowns and the negative implications of marijuana legalization are among the combination of factors behind an ever-growing market for narcotics. Opioid abuse in the US and its rising toll started with OxyContin, an opioid painkiller made by Purdue Pharma and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1995. When it comes to discouraging demand and curbing production, the US should have done a lot more.
美国作为全球芬太尼问题最为突出的国家，也是全球芬太尼类药品最大的生产国和使用国，至今仍未正式整类列管芬太尼类物质，却总是对别国提要求，这是典型的“自己有病，却让别人吃药”。
While the US has the most acute fentanyl challenge in the world, it is also the biggest producer and consumer of fentanyl and has yet to officially schedule fentanyl-related substances as a class. Nevertheless, it kept demanding other countries to take actions. This is a typical example of “forcing others to take medicine for one’s own illness”.
◆中国政府始终对毒品问题坚持“零容忍”态度，严格管制各类麻醉药品、精神药品及其化学前体。截至2021年底，中国列管了37种易制毒化学品及麻黄素类物质，超过了联合国的列管数量，并一直严格按国际规则和中国法律监管化学品进出口，所做的努力和取得的成效有目共睹。
◆The Chinese government takes a zero-tolerance approach to narcotics and strictly regulates anesthetics, psychotropic substances and their precursors. By the end of 2021, China has added 37 drug precursors and ephedrine-related substances to its control list, which became even longer than the UN list. China strictly regulates import and export of chemicals pursuant to international rules and its domestic laws, and its efforts and achievements in this regard are visible to all.
2019年5月1日，中国政府在国内尚未出现规模性滥用、现实危害并不突出的情况下，在全球范围内率先正式对芬太尼类物质进行整类列管，这是落实中美两国元首共识的重要成果，也是中方站在全人类健康、安全和福祉的高度，积极回应美方关切、努力帮助美方应对国内阿片类物质危机的切实体现。
On 1 May 2019, the Chinese government became the first country in the world to class schedule fentanyl-related substances, although there was no large-scale fentanyl abuse or immediate hazard in China. This is an important follow-up to the common understandings reached between the presidents of China and the US, and a concrete example of how China, keeping in mind the health, safety and well-being of humanity, actively responds to the US concern and helps it tackle its domestic opioid crisis.
注：为确保中英对照准确，“热词译”网站可能对中英文重新分段。