翻译数据库中英对照：2023年政府工作报告 [7]
Report on the Work of the Government (2023) [7]
五年来，我们深入贯彻以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署，主要做了以下工作。
Over the past five years, we have fully implemented the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. The highlights of our work are as follows:
（一）创新宏观调控，保持经济运行在合理区间。
1. We developed new ways of conducting macro regulation to keep the economy operating within an appropriate range.
面对贸易保护主义抬头、疫情冲击等接踵而来的严峻挑战，创新宏观调控方式，不过度依赖投资，统筹运用财政货币等政策，增强针对性有效性，直面市场变化，重点支持市场主体纾困发展，进而稳就业保民生。
In response to a succession of grave challenges, including mounting protectionism and the Covid-19 pandemic, we adopted new ways of conducting macro regulation and avoided overreliance on investment as a means of achieving economic growth. We employed a wide range of policies including fiscal and monetary policies, made them more targeted and effective, and responded to market changes directly. We stayed focused on helping market entities overcome difficulties and grow and thus kept employment stable and ensured people’s wellbeing.
把年度主要预期目标作为一个有机整体来把握，加强区间调控、定向调控、相机调控、精准调控，既果断加大力度，又不搞“大水漫灌”、透支未来，
We adopted a holistic approach to achieving the projected development targets for each year and stepped up range-based, targeted, well-timed, and precision regulation. We took decisive measures to step up macro policy support while refraining from adopting a deluge of strong stimulus policies that would eat into our potential for future growth.
持续做好“六稳”、“六保”工作，强化保居民就业、保基本民生、保市场主体、保粮食能源安全、保产业链供应链稳定、保基层运转，以改革开放办法推动经济爬坡过坎、持续前行。
We worked relentlessly to ensure stability on six fronts and security in six areas,[ The six fronts refer to employment, the financial sector, foreign trade, foreign investment, domestic investment, and expectations. The six areas refer to job security, basic living needs, operations of market entities, food and energy security, stable industrial and supply chains, and the normal functioning of primary-level governments.] with a particular emphasis on the latter. We pursued reform and opening up as a means to steer the economy through various trials and difficulties and sustain growth.
坚持实施积极的财政政策。
We pursued a proactive fiscal policy.
合理把握赤字规模，五年总体赤字率控制在3%以内，政府负债率控制在50%左右。不断优化支出结构，教育科技、生态环保、基本民生等重点领域得到有力保障。
The deficit was kept at a reasonable level. Over these five years, the deficit-to-GDP ratio and the government debt ratio were respectively kept within 3 percent and around 50 percent. We continued to improve the structure of government spending and ensured sufficient funding for key areas such as education, science and technology, environmental protection, and efforts to meet people’s basic living needs.
实施大规模减税降费政策，制度性安排与阶段性措施相结合，疫情发生后减税降费力度进一步加大，成为应对冲击的关键举措。彻底完成营改增任务、取消营业税，将增值税收入占比最高、涉及行业广泛的税率从17%降至13%，阶段性将小规模纳税人增值税起征点从月销售额3万元提高到15万元、小微企业所得税实际最低税负率从10%降至2.5%。
We implemented a policy of large-scale tax and fee cuts with both institutional arrangements and time-limited measures. Tax and fee reductions were intensified following the outbreak of Covid-19, and they became a pivotal part of our response to the epidemic. We completed the task of replacing business tax with value-added tax and abolished the former. The rate of VAT was lowered from 17 percent to 13 percent in many sectors where VAT accounts for the largest share of tax receipts. The VAT threshold was raised from 30,000 yuan to 150,000 yuan of monthly sales for small-scale taxpayers in a phased way, and the minimum corporate income tax rate was cut from 10 percent to 2.5 percent in real terms for micro and small businesses.
减税降费公平普惠、高效直达，五年累计减税5.4万亿元、降费2.8万亿元，既帮助企业渡过难关、留得青山，也放水养鱼、涵养税源，
Tax and fee cuts are equitable, inclusive, effective, and directly accessible for those in need. Over the past five years, tax cuts and fee reductions respectively totaled 5.4 trillion yuan and 2.8 trillion yuan. This policy not only helped enterprises overcome difficulties and stay afloat, but also nurtured business growth and cultivated sources of tax revenue.
年均新增涉税企业和个体工商户等超过1100万户，各年度中央财政收入预算都顺利完成，考虑留抵退税因素，全国财政收入十年接近翻一番。
On average, over 11 million market entities including enterprises and self-employed individuals were newly registered with the tax authorities each year, and the central government met all of its annual targets for budgetary revenue. With VAT credit refunds taken into account, national fiscal revenue almost doubled over the past decade.
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