翻译数据库中英对照：《新时代的中国与世界》白皮书 [7]
China and the World in the New Era [7]
中国科技创新为世界经济增长注入新动能。近年来，中国科技领域投入不断增加，重大科技创新成果不断涌现。2018年，中国研发支出占GDP的比重为2.19%。世界知识产权组织等发布的全球创新指数显示，2019年，中国国家创新能力排名升至全球第14位，比2018年前进3名（专栏5），成为唯一进入前20名的中等收入经济体。（注3）在高科技领域，中国正在实现赶超，量子通信、超级计算、航空航天、人工智能、第五代移动通信网络（5G）、移动支付、新能源汽车、高速铁路、金融科技等处于世界领先地位。中国的科技创新成果广泛应用，为其他国家人民生产生活带来更多便利，为世界经济增长注入了新动能。
China’s scientific and technological innovations have injected new momentum into world economic growth. In recent years, investment in the field of science and technology in China has been increasing, and major scientific and technological innovations have emerged. In 2018, China’s R&D spending accounted for 2.19 percent of GDP. According to the Global Innovation Index (GII) released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and other organizations, China continued its rise in 2019, moving from 17th in 2018 to 14th (see Box 5); it is the only middle-income economy in the top 20.6 In the field of high technology, China is catching up and getting ahead. Quantum communications, supercomputing, aerospace, artificial intelligence, fifth-generation mobile network technology (5G), mobile payment, new energy vehicles, high-speed rail, and financial technology are sectors in which China leads the world. China’s innovations in science and technology have been widely applied, bringing more convenience to the work and daily life of people of other countries, and injecting new momentum into world economic growth.
未来中国经济的稳定器和动力源作用更加凸显。当前世界经济增长动力不足，稳健的中国经济对世界越来越重要。中国经济正由高速增长转向高质量发展，新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化加快推进，经济结构深度调整，产业优化持续升级，新经济增长点不断涌现。2018年，中国常住人口城镇化率达到59.6%，未来人口城镇化水平将稳步提高，城镇常住人口继续增加，带来基础设施、地产、新零售、医疗卫生、教育、文化娱乐等多个领域的广泛需求，为经济发展提供重要引擎。新产业新业态快速崛起，2018年，高技术制造业、战略性新兴产业和装备制造业增加值分别比上年增长11.7%、8.9%和8.1%；新能源汽车、智能电视、锂离子电池和集成电路分别增长66.2%、17.7%、12.9%和11.2%；信息服务业同比增速高达30.7%，移动游戏、网络购物、约车平台、旅游平台、大数据云计算等子行业增速达30%－50%，每个子行业都诞生了一批独角兽企业。麦肯锡全球研究院的研究报告认为，到2040年，中国和世界其他经济体彼此融合有望创造22万亿至37万亿美元经济价值，相当于全球经济总量的15%－26%，世界其他经济体和中国加强合作，将会创造出巨大的经济价值。（注4）
In the future, China will become more prominent in its role as a stabilizing force and power source. Currently, the world economy lacks momentum for growth, and the solidity of the Chinese economy is becoming more and more important to the world. China’s economy is changing from high-speed growth to high-quality development, and new industrialization, information technology application, urbanization and agricultural modernization are gathering speed. The economic structure is undergoing a profound adjustment, industrial upgrading is continuing, and new economic growth areas are constantly emerging. The urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 59.6 percent in 2018 and will increase steadily. The number of permanent urban residents will continue to increase. This will bring a wide range of needs in various areas, such as infrastructure, real estate, new retail, medical treatment and public health, education, culture and entertainment, and provide an important engine for economic development. New industries and business forms are emerging. In 2018, the added value of high-tech manufacturing increased by 11.7 percent over the previous year. Corresponding figures for strategic emerging industries and equipment manufacturing were 8.9 percent and 8.1 percent. New energy vehicles, intelligent televisions, lithium-ion batteries and integrated circuits increased by 66.2, 17.7, 12.9 and 11.2 percent, respectively. The growth rate of the information service industry is as high as 30.7 percent, and the growth rate of mobile games, online shopping, ride-sharing platforms, travel platforms, big data cloud computing and other sub-industries is 30 to 50 percent. Each sub-industry has given birth to a number of “unicorn” enterprises. According to an MGI report, by 2040, the integration between China and the rest of the world is expected to drive economic value of US$22 trillion to US$37 trillion, equivalent to 15 to 26 percent of global GDP. Strengthened cooperation between China and other countries will create enormous economic value.9
中国经济与世界经济已经发生结构性变化，深度融合在一起。经济运行更稳定、增长质量更高、增长前景可期的中国，对世界经济发展是长期利好（专栏6）。把中国经济发展看作“威胁”和“挑战”，试图把中国挤出全球产业链、供应链、价值链，使中国与世界经济“脱钩”，既不可行，而且有害。
China’s economy and the world economy have undergone structural changes and are deeply integrated. China, which has a more stable economy, higher quality of growth, and promising growth prospects, contributes to the development of the world economy in the long run (see Box 6). It is both unrealistic and harmful to regard China’s economic development as a “threat” or “challenge” and try to squeeze China out of the global industrial chain, supply chain and value chain so as to “detach” China from the world economy.
（二）全方位对外开放为各国分享“中国红利”创造更多机会
2. All-round opening up creates more opportunities for all countries to share the benefits of China’s development
中国坚定不移奉行互利共赢的开放战略，实现更大力度、更高水平的对外开放。安全稳定的政治环境，数量庞大、需求升级的消费群体，素质全面、吃苦耐劳的劳动者，健全完善、周全周到的基础设施，公平竞争和法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境，为各国提供更广阔市场、更充足资本、更丰富产品、更多合作契机。中国始终是全球共同开放的重要推动者、各国拓展商机的活力大市场。
China pursues a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up and strives to open up wider. A safe and stable political environment, large consumer groups with escalating needs, hard-working and well-qualified workers, sound and complete infrastructure, and an international and convenient business environment of fair competition under the rule of law, all provide countries with a broader market, more capital, richer products, and more opportunities for cooperation. China has always been an important promoter of global openness and a dynamic market for all countries to expand business opportunities.
中国有世界上最具潜力的消费市场。中国既是“世界工厂”，也是“全球市场”。中国有近14亿人口、4亿中等收入群体，市场规模全球最大。中国经济持续健康发展，带来多个领域的广泛需求，为经济发展提供重要引擎。中国消费空间和潜力巨大，消费升级态势明显，消费增速超过固定资产投资，消费梯度效应凸显，消费对经济贡献越来越大（专栏7）。麦肯锡全球研究院发布报告认为，在汽车、酒类、手机等许多品类中，中国都是全球第一大市场，消费额约占全球消费总额的30%。（注5）庞大的消费需求为世界各国提供了巨大市场。未来15年，中国进口商品和服务将分别超过30万亿美元和10万亿美元。
China has the most promising consumer market in the world. It is not only “the world’s factory”, but also a global market. With a population of nearly 1.4 billion and a middle-income group of 400 million, China has the largest market in the world. The sustained and healthy development of China’s economy has created extensive demand in many fields and provided an important engine for economic development. China has huge space and potential for consumption, which is clearly moving up market and making a growing contribution to the economy. The consumption growth rate has surpassed that of fixed asset investment, and its gradient effect is prominent (see Box 7). According to an MGI report, China is the world’s largest market in many categories, including automobiles, alcohol and mobile phones, accounting for about 30 percent of global consumption.11 Its huge consumer demand provides an enormous market for countries all over the world. In the coming 15 years, China’s imports of goods and services are expected to exceed US$30 trillion and US$10 trillion.
中国是最具吸引力的投资目的地。中国的劳动力资源近9亿人，就业人员7亿多，受过高等教育和职业教育的高素质人才1.7亿，每年大学毕业生有800多万，人才红利巨大。
China is the most attractive investment destination. It has a workforce of almost 900 million, and more than 700 million are employed. It has a talent bank of 170 million people who have received higher education or vocational education, and generates more than 8 million college graduates each year.
中国不断优化营商环境，给国外生产者、投资者提供更加广阔的空间、更加优质的营商环境（专栏8）。中国实行高水平的贸易和投资自由化便利化政策，制定《外商投资法》，全面实施准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，持续放宽市场准入，着力打造对外开放新高地。
China continues to optimize its business environment, giving foreign manufacturers and investors a broader space and a better business environment (see Box 8). China has implemented a wide range of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation policies, formulated the Foreign Investment Law, and implemented the system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list across the board. It continues to relax market access, and has made great efforts to establish pilots for opening wider to the world.
中国加大知识产权保护力度，进一步完善体制机制、法律法规，健全与国际经贸规则接轨的创新保护体系，为广大投资者和权利人提供更加有力有效的保护。
China has stepped up the protection of intellectual property rights. It has improved the relevant systems, mechanisms, laws and regulations, and enhanced the innovation protection system in line with international economic and trade rules, so as to provide more powerful and effective protection for the investors and IPR holders.
联合国贸发会议《2019年世界投资报告》显示，2018年全球外国直接投资延续了下滑趋势，规模较上年下降了13%，但中国实现了逆势增长，继续稳居全球第二大外资流入国地位。（注6）2019年上半年，中国实际使用外资4783.3亿元人民币，同比增长7.2%，特别是高技术制造和高技术服务业投资增幅较大，展现出对外资的强大吸引力。
According to the “World Investment Report 2019” of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), global FDI continued its slide in 2018, down by 13 percent from the previous year, but China achieved counter-trend growth and continued as the world’s second largest recipient of FDI.12 In the first half of 2019, foreign investment in actual use in China was RMB478.33 billion, an increase of 7.2 percent over the same period last year; foreign investment in high-tech manufacturing and services grew especially fast.
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