翻译数据库中英对照：2019年政府工作报告 [9]
Report on the Work of the Government 2019 [9]
三要处理好政府与市场的关系，依靠改革开放激发市场主体活力。只要市场主体有活力，就能增强内生发展动力、顶住经济下行压力。要大力推进改革开放，加快建立统一开放、竞争有序的现代市场体系，放宽市场准入，加强公正监管，打造法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境，让各类市场主体更加活跃。
Third, we need to balance the relationship between government and market, and energize market entities through reform and opening up. As long as market entities are energized, we can boost the internal forces driving development and withstand the downward pressure on the economy. We must work hard to advance reform and opening up, speed up the establishment of a unified and open, competitive and orderly modern market system, relax restrictions on market access, ensure impartial regulation, and create a business environment based on rule of law that is internationalized and enabling, in order to energize market entities.
从根本上说，市场活力和社会创造力源于亿万人民积极性的发挥。要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，尽力而为、量力而行，切实保障基本民生，推动解决重点民生问题，促进社会公平正义，让人民过上好日子。中国人民勤劳智慧，具有无限的创新创造潜能，只要充分释放出来，中国的发展就一定会有更为广阔空间。
Ultimately, market vitality and social creativity stem from the initiative of hundreds of millions of people being put into action. We must stay true to the vision of people-centered development and do everything within our capacity to meet people’s basic needs, resolve key problems affecting living standards, promote social fairness and justice, and help our people achieve better lives. The Chinese are an industrious and talented people and possess boundless potential for innovation and creativity. All we need to do is unleash that potential and the space for China’s development going forward will doubtless be vast.
三、2019年政府工作任务
III. Tasks for 2019
今年经济社会发展任务重、挑战多、要求高。我们要突出重点、把握关键，扎实做好各项工作。
This year, in pursuing economic and social development, we will face weighty tasks, many challenges, and high demands. We must have clear priorities and address crucial issues to deliver a solid performance across the board.
（一）继续创新和完善宏观调控，确保经济运行在合理区间。坚持以市场化改革的思路和办法破解发展难题，发挥好宏观政策逆周期调节作用，丰富和灵活运用财政、货币、就业政策工具，增强调控前瞻性、针对性和有效性，为经济平稳运行创造条件。
1. We will continue to develop new and improved approaches to macro regulation and keep the main economic indicators within an appropriate range. We will keep using market-oriented reform thinking and approaches to resolve problems in development; make good use of countercyclical macro policy regulation; add to and use flexibly financial, monetary, and employment policy instruments; make regulation more forward-looking, targeted, and effective; and create the conditions for ensuring a stable economic performance.
实施更大规模的减税。普惠性减税与结构性减税并举，重点降低制造业和小微企业税收负担。
We will implement larger-scale tax cuts. We will introduce both general-benefit and structural tax cuts, focusing primarily on reducing tax burdens in manufacturing and on small and micro businesses.
深化增值税改革，将制造业等行业现行16%的税率降至13%，将交通运输业、建筑业等行业现行10%的税率降至9%，确保主要行业税负明显降低；保持6%一档的税率不变，但通过采取对生产、生活性服务业增加税收抵扣等配套措施，确保所有行业税负只减不增，继续向推进税率三档并两档、税制简化方向迈进。抓好年初出台的小微企业普惠性减税政策落实。这次减税，着眼“放水养鱼”、增强发展后劲并考虑财政可持续，是减轻企业负担、激发市场活力的重大举措，是完善税制、优化收入分配格局的重要改革，是宏观政策支持稳增长、保就业、调结构的重大抉择。
VAT reform will be deepened we will reduce the current rate of 16 percent in manufacturing and other industries to 13 percent, and lower the rate in the transportation, construction, and other industries from 10 to 9 percent, thus ensuring that tax burdens in our main industries are meaningfully reduced; keep the lowest bracket rate unchanged at 6 percent, while adopting supporting measures, like increased tax deductions for producer and consumer services, to see that in all industries tax burdens only go down, not up; and continue making progress toward cutting the number of VAT brackets from three to two and simplifying the VAT system. We will ensure that the general-benefit tax cut policies issued at the start of the year for small and micro businesses are put into effect. Our moves to cut tax on this occasion aim at an accommodative effect to strengthen the basis for sustained growth while also considering the need to ensure fiscal sustainability; are a major measure to lighten the burden on businesses and boost market dynamism; are an important reform to improve the tax system and achieve better income distribution; and are the result of a major decision taken at the macro policy level in support of the efforts to ensure stable economic growth, employment, and structural adjustments.
明显降低企业社保缴费负担。下调城镇职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例，各地可降至16%。稳定现行征缴方式，各地在征收体制改革过程中不得采取增加小微企业实际缴费负担的做法，不得自行对历史欠费进行集中清缴。继续执行阶段性降低失业和工伤保险费率政策。今年务必使企业特别是小微企业社保缴费负担有实质性下降。加快推进养老保险省级统筹改革，继续提高企业职工基本养老保险基金中央调剂比例、划转部分国有资本充实社保基金。我们既要减轻企业缴费负担，又要保障职工社保待遇不受影响、养老金合理增长并按时足额发放，使社保基金可持续、企业与职工同受益。
We will significantly reduce enterprise contributions to social insurance schemes. We will lower the share borne by employers for urban workers’ basic aged-care insurance, and localities may cut contributions down to 16 percent. The social insurance premium collection methods currently in operation will be kept unchanged. No locality should take any measure that increases the burden on small and micro enterprises when reforming their collection systems, or require, on their own, that longstanding arrears be paid off in a lump sum. The current policy of reducing premiums for unemployment insurance and work injury compensation insurance will continue. This year, premium payments, particularly for small and micro businesses, must be substantively reduced. We will speed up reforms in the provincial-level management of aged-care insurance funds, continue to increase the proportion of enterprise workers’ basic pension funds under central government allocation, and replenish social security funds through the injection of state capital. We must reduce burdens on enterprises, but also ensure that employees’ social security benefits are not affected and aged-care pensions increase as appropriate and are paid on time and in full, so that social security funds are sustainable and both enterprises and employees benefit.
确保减税降费落实到位。减税降费直击当前市场主体的痛点和难点，是既公平又有效率的政策。全年减轻企业税收和社保缴费负担近2万亿元。这会给各级财政带来很大压力。为支持企业减负，各级政府要过紧日子，想方设法筹集资金。中央财政要开源节流，增加特定国有金融机构和央企上缴利润，一般性支出压减5%以上、“三公”经费再压减3%左右，长期沉淀资金一律收回。地方政府也要主动挖潜，大力优化支出结构，多渠道盘活各类资金和资产。我们要切实让市场主体特别是小微企业有明显减税降费感受，坚决兑现对企业和社会的承诺，困难再多也一定要把这件大事办成办好。
We will ensure tax and fee cuts are fully implemented.Tax cuts and fee reductions get right to the spot in tackling the pains and difficulties currently troubling market entities; as a policy option, they are both fair and efficient. This year, we will reduce the tax burdens on and social insurance contributions of enterprises by nearly 2 trillion yuan. This will create big pressure on government budgets at all levels. To support this lightening of the burden on enterprises, governments at all levels must tighten their belts and find workable means of raising funds. The central government needs to increase revenue and reduce expenditures. Profits turned in by designated state-owned financial institutions and enterprises directly under the central government should be increased; general expenditures should be cut by over 5 percent, spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, and official hospitality should be cut by another 3 percent, and all funds that have long stayed unused will be taken back. Local governments also need to dig deep, take big steps to improve the mix of spending, and put various funds and assets to good use through multiple avenues. We will let market entities, especially small and micro businesses, feel the weight of their burden being meaningfully lightened, honoring our promise to enterprises and society, and seeing that no matter the number of difficulties, this important job gets done and gets done well.
着力缓解企业融资难融资贵问题。改革完善货币信贷投放机制，适时运用存款准备金率、利率等数量和价格手段，引导金融机构扩大信贷投放、降低贷款成本，精准有效支持实体经济，不能让资金空转或脱实向虚。加大对中小银行定向降准力度，释放的资金全部用于民营和小微企业贷款。支持大型商业银行多渠道补充资本，增强信贷投放能力，鼓励增加制造业中长期贷款和信用贷款。今年国有大型商业银行小微企业贷款要增长30%以上。清理规范银行及中介服务收费。完善金融机构内部考核机制，激励加强普惠金融服务，切实使中小微企业融资紧张状况有明显改善，综合融资成本必须有明显降低。
We will work hard to alleviate the difficulties faced by enterprises in accessing affordable financing.We will reform and refine monetary and credit supply mechanisms, and employ as needed a combination of quantitative and pricing approaches, like required reserve ratios and interest rates, to guide financial institutions in increasing credit supply and bringing down the cost of borrowing, ensure targeted and efficient support for the real economy, and avoid funds circulating within the financial sector without entering the real economy or being diverted out of the real economy. More targeted cuts will be made to required reserve ratios for medium and small banks; the additional funds thus released will be lent to private enterprises and small and micro businesses. We will support large commercial banks in replenishing capital through multiple channels, strengthen their capacity to supply credit, and encourage them to increase medium- and long-term loans and credit loans to the manufacturing sector. This year, loans to be granted to small and micro businesses by large state-owned commercial banks will increase by over 30 percent. Fees charged for banking and intermediary services will be overhauled. We will improve the internal assessment mechanisms of financial institutions, encourage more inclusive financial services, achieve a marked improvement in providing financing for medium, small, and micro enterprises, and see that there are definite reductions in overall financing costs.
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