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中英对照:中国共产党章程 [2]
Constitution of the Communist Party of China [2]
发布时间:2022年10月22日
Published on Oct 22, 2022
改革开放以来我们取得一切成绩和进步的根本原因,归结起来就是:开辟了中国特色社会主义道路,形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系,确立了中国特色社会主义制度,发展了中国特色社会主义文化。全党同志要倍加珍惜、长期坚持和不断发展党历经艰辛开创的这条道路、这个理论体系、这个制度、这个文化,高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜,坚定道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信,发扬斗争精神,增强斗争本领,贯彻党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略,为实现推进现代化建设、完成祖国统一、维护世界和平与促进共同发展这三大历史任务,实现第二个百年奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦而奋斗。
Ultimately, the fundamental reason for all of China’s achievements and progress since reform and opening up began is that the Party has forged a path, formed a theoretical system, established a system, and developed a culture for socialism with Chinese characteristics. All Party members must cherish deeply, uphold long term, and continue to develop this path, this theoretical system, this socialist system, and this culture, which the Party has developed through great hardship. All Party members must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, have firm confidence in its path, theory, system, and culture, carry forward the fighting spirit and build up our fighting ability, implement the Party’s basic theory, basic line, and basic policy, and strive to fulfill the three historic tasks of advancing modernization, achieving China’s reunification, and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, and realize the Second Centenary Goal and the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.
中国共产党自成立以来,始终把为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴作为自己的初心使命,历经百年奋斗,从根本上改变了中国人民的前途命运,开辟了实现中华民族伟大复兴的正确道路,展示了马克思主义的强大生命力,深刻影响了世界历史进程,锻造了走在时代前列的中国共产党。经过长期实践,积累了坚持党的领导、坚持人民至上、坚持理论创新、坚持独立自主、坚持中国道路、坚持胸怀天下、坚持开拓创新、坚持敢于斗争、坚持统一战线、坚持自我革命的宝贵历史经验,这是党和人民共同创造的精神财富,必须倍加珍惜、长期坚持,并在实践中不断丰富和发展。
Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has remained true to its original aspiration and founding mission of seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. Through its endeavors over the past century, the Party has fundamentally transformed the future of the Chinese people, opened up the right path for achieving rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, demonstrated the strong vitality of Marxism, profoundly influenced the course of world history, and made itself a forerunner of the times. Based on long-term practice, the Party has gained valuable historical experience in the following respects: upholding the Party’s leadership, putting the people first, advancing theoretical innovation, staying independent, following the Chinese path, maintaining a global vision, breaking new ground, standing up for ourselves, promoting the united front, and remaining committed to self-reform. These points are a rich source of inspiration that the Party and the people have created together. We must cherish them, uphold them over the long term, and continue to enrich and develop them through practice.
我国正处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段。这是在原本经济文化落后的中国建设社会主义现代化不可逾越的历史阶段,需要上百年的时间。我国的社会主义建设,必须从我国的国情出发,走中国特色社会主义道路,以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。在现阶段,我国社会的主要矛盾是人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。由于国内的因素和国际的影响,阶级斗争还在一定范围内长期存在,在某种条件下还有可能激化,但已经不是主要矛盾。我国社会主义建设的根本任务,是进一步解放生产力,发展生产力,逐步实现社会主义现代化,并且为此而改革生产关系和上层建筑中不适应生产力发展的方面和环节。必须坚持和完善公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展,按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存,社会主义市场经济体制等基本经济制度,鼓励一部分地区和一部分人先富起来,逐步实现全体人民共同富裕,在生产发展和社会财富增长的基础上不断满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要,促进人的全面发展。发展是我们党执政兴国的第一要务。必须坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,把握新发展阶段,贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念,加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局,推动高质量发展。各项工作都要把有利于发展社会主义社会的生产力,有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力,有利于提高人民的生活水平,作为总的出发点和检验标准,尊重劳动、尊重知识、尊重人才、尊重创造,做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。必须按照中国特色社会主义事业“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局,统筹推进经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设、生态文明建设,协调推进全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面从严治党。新时代新征程,经济和社会发展的战略目标是,到二〇三五年基本实现社会主义现代化,到本世纪中叶把我国建成社会主义现代化强国。
China is currently in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come. This is a stage of history that cannot be bypassed as China, which used to be economically and culturally lagging, makes progress in socialist modernization; it will take over a century. China’s development of socialism must begin from China’s own circumstances, follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and comprehensively promote national rejuvenation through the path of Chinese modernization. At the present stage, the principal contradiction in Chinese society is that between the ever-growing needs of the people for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. Owing to both domestic factors and international influences, a certain amount of class struggle will continue to exist for a long time to come, and under certain circumstances may even grow more pronounced, however, it is no longer the principal contradiction. In building socialism in China, the basic tasks are to further release and develop the productive forces and gradually achieve socialist modernization and, to this end, reform those elements and areas within the relations of production and the superstructure that are unsuited to the development of the productive forces. The Party must uphold and improve the basic economic systems including the system under which public ownership is the mainstay and diverse forms of ownership develop together, a system under which distribution according to work is the mainstay while multiple forms of distribution exist alongside it, and the socialist market economy. It must encourage some areas and some people to become well-off first, gradually realize the goal of common prosperity for all, and on the basis of developing production and social wealth, keep meeting the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life and promote people’s well-rounded development. Development is the Party’s top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country. The Party must commit to a people-centered philosophy of development. It should have an accurate understanding of this new stage of development, apply a new philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development, accelerate efforts to foster a new pattern of development that is focused on the domestic economy and features positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows, and pursue high-quality development. The general starting point and criteria for judging each item of the Party’s work are that it must benefit the development of the socialist productive forces, be conducive to increasing socialist China’s overall strength, and help to improve the people’s living standards. The Party must respect labor, knowledge, talent, and creativity and ensure that development is for the people and relies on the people, and that its fruits are shared among the people. In accordance with the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Party must promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement, and coordinate efforts to build a modern socialist country in all respects, comprehensively deepen reform, fully advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-governance in every respect. On the new journey in the new era, the strategic objectives of economic and social development are to basically realize socialist modernization by 2035 and build China into a great modern socialist country by the middle of this century.
中国共产党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线是:领导和团结全国各族人民,以经济建设为中心,坚持四项基本原则,坚持改革开放,自力更生,艰苦创业,为把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐美丽的社会主义现代化强国而奋斗。
The basic line of the Communist Party of China in the primary stage of socialism is to lead all the people of China together in a self-reliant and pioneering effort, making economic development the central task, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles, and remaining committed to reform and opening up, so as to see China becomes a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful.
中国共产党在领导社会主义事业中,必须坚持以经济建设为中心,其他各项工作都服从和服务于这个中心。要实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略、乡村振兴战略、区域协调发展战略、可持续发展战略、军民融合发展战略,充分发挥科学技术作为第一生产力的作用,充分发挥人才作为第一资源的作用,充分发挥创新作为引领发展第一动力的作用,依靠科技进步,提高劳动者素质,促进国民经济更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续、更为安全发展。
In leading the cause of socialism, the Communist Party of China must continue its commitment to economic development as the central task, and all other work must take an ancillary role and serve this center. The Party shall implement the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the strategy on developing a quality work force, the innovation-driven development strategy, the rural vitalization strategy, the coordinated regional development strategy, the sustainable development strategy, and the military-civilian integration strategy. It shall give full play to the role of science and technology as primary productive forces, the role of talent as the primary resource, and the role of innovation as the primary force driving development, draw on advances in science and technology, improve the quality of the country’s workforce, and ensure higher-quality and more efficient, equitable, sustainable, and secure development of the economy.
坚持社会主义道路、坚持人民民主专政、坚持中国共产党的领导、坚持马克思列宁主义毛泽东思想这四项基本原则,是我们的立国之本。在社会主义现代化建设的整个过程中,必须坚持四项基本原则,反对资产阶级自由化。
The Four Cardinal Principles – to keep to the path of socialism, to uphold the people’s democratic dictatorship, to uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and to uphold Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought – form the foundation for building the country. Throughout the whole course of socialist modernization, the Party must adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and oppose bourgeois liberalization.
坚持改革开放,是我们的强国之路。只有改革开放,才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义。要全面深化改革,完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度,推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。要从根本上改革束缚生产力发展的经济体制,坚持和完善社会主义市场经济体制;与此相适应,要进行政治体制改革和其他领域的改革。要坚持对外开放的基本国策,吸收和借鉴人类社会创造的一切文明成果。改革开放应当大胆探索,勇于开拓,提高改革决策的科学性,更加注重改革的系统性、整体性、协同性,在实践中开创新路。
A continued commitment to reform and opening up is the path to a stronger China. Only through reform and opening up can we develop China, develop socialism, and develop Marxism. The Party must comprehensively deepen reform, improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and modernize China’s system and capacity for governance. The Party must fundamentally reform the economic structure that constrains the development of the productive forces and uphold and improve the socialist market economy; and in congruence with this it must undertake political structural reform and reform in other fields. The Party must uphold the fundamental national policy of making China open to the world and embrace and learn from all achievements of human society. In carrying out reform and opening up, the Party should be boldly explorative and brave in breaking new ground; the Party should improve the scientific nature of reform-related decision making, pursue reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way, and pioneer new approaches through practice.
中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义市场经济。毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济,毫不动摇地鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用,更好发挥政府作用,建立完善的宏观调控体系。统筹城乡发展、区域发展、经济社会发展、人与自然和谐发展、国内发展和对外开放,调整经济结构,转变经济发展方式,推进供给侧结构性改革。促进新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展,建设社会主义新农村,走中国特色新型工业化道路,建设创新型国家和世界科技强国。
The Communist Party of China shall lead the people in developing the socialist market economy. It shall be firm in consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy and shall remain steadfast in encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector. It shall give play to the decisive role of market forces in resource allocation and ensure the government plays its role better, and establish a sound system for macroeconomic regulation. The Party shall work to balance urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, relations between humankind and nature, and domestic development and openness to the world. It shall adjust the economic structure, transform the growth model, and advance supply-side structural reform. The Party shall promote the synchronized development of new industrialization, information technology application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and shall build a new socialist countryside, take a new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, and build China into a country of innovation and a global leader in science and technology.
中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义民主政治。坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路、中国特色社会主义法治道路,扩大社会主义民主,建设中国特色社会主义法治体系,建设社会主义法治国家,巩固人民民主专政,建设社会主义政治文明。坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度。发展更加广泛、更加充分、更加健全的全过程人民民主,推进协商民主广泛多层制度化发展,切实保障人民管理国家事务和社会事务、管理经济和文化事业的权利。尊重和保障人权。广开言路,建立健全民主选举、民主协商、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督的制度和程序。完善中国特色社会主义法律体系,加强法律实施工作,实现国家各项工作法治化。
The Communist Party of China shall lead the people in developing socialist democracy. It shall preserve the organic unity of Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance, follow the Chinese socialist path of political development and the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, expand socialist democracy, develop a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, and build a socialist rule of law country, thereby consolidating the people’s democratic dictatorship and developing a socialist political civilization. It shall uphold and improve the people’s congress system, the Communist Party-led system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of public self-governance at the primary level. The Party shall develop a broader, fuller, and more robust whole-process people’s democracy, advance extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy, and act in earnest to protect the people’s right to manage state and social affairs and to manage economic and cultural matters. It shall respect and safeguard human rights. The Party shall encourage the free expression of views and work to establish sound systems and procedures for democratic elections, consultations, decision-making, administration, and oversight. It shall improve the socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics and strengthen the implementation of law, to bring all the work of the state under the rule of law.
中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化。建设社会主义精神文明,实行依法治国和以德治国相结合,提高全民族的思想道德素质和科学文化素质,为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供强大的思想保证、精神动力和智力支持,建设社会主义文化强国。加强社会主义核心价值体系建设,坚持马克思主义指导思想,树立中国特色社会主义共同理想,弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神,培育和践行社会主义核心价值观,倡导社会主义荣辱观,增强民族自尊、自信和自强精神,抵御资本主义和封建主义腐朽思想的侵蚀,扫除各种社会丑恶现象,努力使我国人民成为有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的人民。对党员要进行共产主义远大理想教育。大力发展教育、科学、文化事业,推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展,继承革命文化,发展社会主义先进文化,提高国家文化软实力。牢牢掌握意识形态工作领导权,不断巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位,巩固全党全国人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础。
The Communist Party of China shall lead the people in developing advanced socialist culture. It shall promote socialist cultural-ethical progress, ensure the practice of the rule of law in combination with the rule of virtue, and work to strengthen the thinking and morality as well as the knowledge of science and culture of the whole nation to provide powerful ideological guarantees, motivation, and intellectual support for reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, and develop a strong socialist culture in China. It shall strengthen the system of core socialist values, uphold Marxism as its guiding ideology, foster the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, promote a national spirit to which patriotism is central and a spirit of the times centered on reform and innovation, cultivate and practice core socialist values, and champion the socialist concept of honor and disgrace. It shall work to strengthen the people’s sense of national dignity, self-confidence, and self-reliance, protect against the corroding influence of decadent capitalist and feudal ideas, and eliminate all social ills, endeavoring to see that the people of China are people of high ideals and moral integrity and are cultured and disciplined. It must better educate its members of the great ideal of communism. The Party shall strive to develop educational, scientific, and cultural undertakings, promote the creative evolution and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, carry forward our revolutionary culture, develop an advanced socialist culture, and enhance our country’s cultural soft power. The Party shall hold firmly the leading position in ideological work, constantly consolidate the guiding position of Marxism in the realm of ideology, and cement the common ideological foundation which underpins the concerted endeavor of the entire Party and all the Chinese people.
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