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中英对照:《人类减贫的中国实践》白皮书 [12]

Poverty Alleviation: China's Experience and Contribution [12]

(六)汇聚各方力量形成强大合力
6. Pooling All Resources to Create Synergy
扶贫减贫是艰巨复杂的系统工程,需要调动各方积极参与。为打赢脱贫攻坚战,中国共产党依托严密组织体系和高效运行机制,广泛有效动员和凝聚各方力量,构建政府、社会、市场协同推进,专项扶贫、行业扶贫、社会扶贫互为补充的大扶贫格局,形成跨地区、跨部门、跨单位、全社会共同参与的多元主体的社会扶贫体系。加强东西部扶贫协作和对口支援(专栏13),推动省市县各层面帮扶,促进人才、资金、技术向贫困地区流动,实现优势互补,缩小区域差距。积极开展定点扶贫,组织各级党政机关、人民团体、国有企事业单位和军队帮扶贫困县或贫困村(专栏14)。各民主党派、工商联和无党派人士充分发挥各自优势,为打赢脱贫攻坚战献智献力。积极推动各行各业发挥专业优势,开展产业扶贫、科技扶贫、教育扶贫、文化扶贫、健康扶贫、消费扶贫。广泛动员民营企业参与扶贫开发,引导市场开发能力强的主体进入资源开发潜力大的地区,实现互惠互利、共同发展(专栏15)。广泛动员社会组织、公民个人积极参与脱贫攻坚,开展扶贫公益活动。设立国家扶贫日,建立脱贫攻坚国家荣誉制度,表彰脱贫攻坚先进典型,营造了人人愿为、人人可为、人人能为的社会帮扶氛围。
Poverty alleviation is an arduous, complex, and systematic endeavor, requiring the active participation of all parties. In the fight against poverty, the CPC has mobilized and pooled all possible forces on the basis of its rigorous organizational system and efficient work mechanism. A large-scale poverty alleviation network has been established, with the government, society and the market working in coordination, and government-sponsored projects, sector-specific programs, and corporate and societal assistance supplementing each other. It is a framework with the full participation of multiple players from different regions, sectors, departments and businesses. China has strengthened collaboration and paired assistance between the eastern and western regions (Box 13) at provincial, city and county levels to encourage the flow of talent, capital, and technology to poor areas so that they can complement each other and narrow the gaps between them. Poverty alleviation assistance has been directed to designated targets. Party and government institutions, people's organizations, state-owned enterprises and public institutions, and the military have assisted poor counties or villages (Box 14).Other political parties, federations of industry and commerce and prominent individuals without party affiliation have leveraged their strengths to contribute intellectual and material support. Various industries have been encouraged to offer assistance with their professional advantages by launching sector-specific programs, providing technological support, improving education, cultural undertakings and healthcare, and boosting consumption.Private enterprises have been urged to participate in development-driven poverty alleviation. Businesses skilled in resource extraction have been encouraged to enter regions with great resource potential, which benefit both the businesses and those regions (Box 15). Social organizations and individual citizens have been mobilized to participate in poverty alleviation and related public benefit activities. China has designated a National Poverty Alleviation Day and established a national system to commend models in fighting poverty. All these measures have created an atmosphere where everyone who is interested can join in poverty alleviation.
中国减贫实践表明,只有动员和凝聚各方力量,引导全社会关爱贫困群众、关心减贫事业、投身脱贫行动,形成共同意志、共同行动,聚力攻坚克难,才能最终战胜贫困顽疾。
China's experience has proven that only when a country mobilizes all sectors of society to unite with common purpose and act in unison, can poverty be finally defeated.
中国特色减贫道路,是中国人民在中国共产党的领导下,经过长期艰辛探索开创出来的一条成功道路。中国消除绝对贫困的成功实践和宝贵经验,深化了对人类减贫规律的认识,丰富发展了人类反贫困理论,提振了各国特别是广大发展中国家消除绝对贫困的信心,为其他国家选择适合自己的减贫发展道路提供了参考和借鉴,为破解现代国家治理难题、开辟人类社会发展更加光明的前景提供了中国方案。
Under the CPC leadership, the Chinese people have created an approach to poverty alleviation with their own hard work. China's successful practice and valuable experience in eliminating extreme poverty have deepened human understanding of poverty alleviation trends, enriched and extended the theory of international poverty alleviation, and boosted the confidence of other countries, especially developing ones, in eradicating extreme poverty. They serve as reference for other countries to choose a suitable path of poverty alleviation, and offer China's approach to solving the problem of modern national governance and creating brighter prospects for social progress.
五、携手共建没有贫困共同发展的人类命运共同体
V. A Global Community of Shared Future Free from Poverty
世界好,中国才能好;中国好,世界才更好。中国始终把自身命运与世界各国人民命运紧密相连,在致力于消除自身贫困的同时,积极参与国际减贫合作,做国际减贫事业的倡导者、推动者和贡献者,与各国携手共建没有贫困、共同发展的人类命运共同体。
China will prosper only when the world prospers, and vice versa. The country has always closely linked its future with that of the rest of the world. While committed to eradicating its own poverty, China has actively participated in international cooperation on poverty alleviation, acted as an advocate, facilitator of and contributor to the international cause of poverty alleviation, and worked with other countries to build a global community of shared future that is free from poverty and pursues common prosperity.
(一)中国的减贫和发展加快全球减贫进程
1. China as a Facilitator of the Global Cause of Poverty Alleviation
100年来,在中国共产党领导下,中国人民从翻身解放到解决温饱、从基本小康到全面小康,中国以自己的发展为人类反贫困作出重大贡献。改革开放以来,按照现行贫困标准计算,中国7.7亿农村贫困人口摆脱贫困;按照世界银行国际贫困标准,中国减贫人口占同期全球减贫人口70%以上。在全球贫困状况依然严峻、一些国家贫富分化加剧的背景下,中国打赢脱贫攻坚战,提前10年实现《联合国2030年可持续发展议程》减贫目标,显著缩小了世界贫困人口的版图,“为实现2030年可持续发展议程所描绘的更加美好和繁荣的世界作出了重要贡献”。作为世界上最大的发展中国家,中国实现了快速发展与大规模减贫同步、经济转型与消除绝对贫困同步,如期全面完成脱贫攻坚目标任务,大大加快了全球减贫进程,谱写了人类反贫困历史新篇章。
Over the past 100 years, China has contributed to global poverty alleviation under the leadership of the CPC through its own development – from winning the people's liberation to meeting their basic needs, from ensuring them a moderately prosperous life to building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Since reform and opening up, more than 770 million of China's rural population living below the current poverty line have been raised from poverty, accounting for more than 70 percent of the global total over the same period according to the World Bank's international poverty standard. Against the backdrop of severe global poverty and a widening gap between the rich and the poor in some countries, China has won the battle against extreme poverty and achieved the poverty alleviation goal set on the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule. This has significantly reduced the world's poor population and made a significant contribution towards realizing a better and more prosperous world, as envisioned by the Agenda[ UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres extended congratulations to Chinese President Xi Jinping in February 2021 on the occasion of the announcement of China's success in the fight against extreme poverty. Noting this moment is a notable achievement and a significant contribution towards realizing a better and more prosperous world, as envisioned by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the secretary-general said, "This extraordinary result is a reason for hope and inspiration to the entire community of nations."]. As the largest developing country, China has achieved rapid development in step with large-scale poverty alleviation, and economic transformation in step with the elimination of extreme poverty. It has completed all poverty eradication targets and tasks on schedule, which, as a new chapter in the history of the fight against poverty, has greatly accelerated global poverty alleviation.
(二)国际社会对中国减贫提供支持和援助
2. International Support and Assistance
新中国成立后,努力打破外部封锁,积极开展对外交流合作,争取国际社会支持。改革开放以来,中国与联合国发展系统和世界银行在扶贫领域开展广泛合作,同时接受部分发达国家提供的援助、实施减贫合作项目,不仅在资金投入、知识转移、技术援助等方面获得支持,而且学习借鉴国际社会先进的扶贫理念与方式方法,推动了中国减贫事业发展。中国先后与联合国开发计划署、世界银行等国际机构和组织合作,在部分贫困县实施外资扶贫项目,引进各种优惠贷款和无偿援助。国际减贫交流合作项目缓解了项目区贫困人口的贫困程度,推动了中国减贫的制度创新和管理水平提升,为项目区的可持续发展奠定了基础。对国际社会给予的宝贵支持和帮助,中国人民永远铭记在心。中华民族是懂得感恩、投桃报李的民族,中国始终在力所能及的范围内为其他国家减贫和发展提供支持。
In the early years after the founding of the PRC, China made great efforts to break an external blockade and carry out international exchanges and cooperation in order to win the support of the international community. Since reform and opening up, China has conducted extensive cooperation with the UN development system and the World Bank in the field of poverty alleviation, while accepting assistance from some developed countries and carrying out cooperation projects. It has received support in financial input, knowledge transfer, and technical assistance, and learned from the advanced concepts and methods of the international community in poverty alleviation. All this has provided support to its poverty alleviation effort. In cooperation with the United Nations Development Program, the World Bank and other international organizations, China has implemented foreign-funded poverty alleviation projects in some poverty-stricken counties, bringing in various forms of concessional loan and grant aid. These international poverty-alleviation exchange and cooperation projects have alleviated poverty, improved China's institutional innovation and management, and laid a foundation for sustainable development in the project areas. The Chinese people will always remember the valuable support and assistance received from the international community. The Chinese nation never forgets the help and generosity it receives, and always reciprocates with the same goodwill; China has always supported other countries in poverty alleviation and development to the full extent of its ability.
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